Stomach cancer detection kit or device, and detection method

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a kit or a device for the detection of stomach cancer and a method for detecting stomach cancer, and provides a kit or a device for the detection of stomach cancer, including a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to a miRNA(s) in a sample from a subject, and a method for detecting stomach cancer, including measuring the miRNA(s) in vitro.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/789,943 filed on Feb. 13, 2020, which is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/319,203 filed on Dec. 15, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,597,727), which is a National Phase of PCT International Application No. PCT/JP2015/067267 filed on Jun. 16, 2015, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) to Patent Application Nos. 2015-071485 and 2014-123224, filed in Japan on Mar. 31, 2015 and Jun. 16, 2014, respectively. All of the above applications are hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application.

REFERENCE TO ELECTRONIC SEQUENCE LISTING

The application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted electronically in .XML format and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said .XML copy, created on Sep. 14, 2022, is named “PH-6236-PCT-US-DIV1-DIV1.xml” and is 591,826 bytes in size. The sequence listing contained in this .XML file is part of the specification and is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a kit or a device for the detection of stomach cancer, comprising a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to a particular miRNA(s), which is used for examining the presence or absence of stomach cancer in a subject, and a method for detecting stomach cancer, comprising measuring an expression level(s) of the miRNA(s) using the nucleic acid.

BACKGROUND ART

The stomach is a sac-like digestive organ connected to the esophagus. The stomach temporarily stores food from the esophagus and plays a role in the first step of digestion by secreting gastric juice. The stomach is divided into the cardial end located around the inlet leading to the esophagus, the pyloric end located around the outlet leading to the duodenum, and the other site called the gastric corpus (Non-Patent Literature 1). According to the statistics of the number of cancer type-specific incidences and deaths in Japan disclosed by the Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, estimated 125,730 individuals in total involving 86,728 males and 39,002 females were affected by stomach cancer in 2010. The number of stomach cancer deaths was a total of 49,129 people involving 32,206 males and 16,923 females in 2012. Thus, stomach cancer was the second leading cause of cancer death in Japan. Also, 22,220 Americans were affected by stomach cancer in 2014, among which 10,990 people would die of stomach cancer (Non-Patent Literature 1).

The stages of stomach cancer progression are defined in Non-Patent Literature 2 and classified into stages 0, IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, and IV according to tumor size, infiltration, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, etc. The 5-year relative survival rate of stomach cancer largely depends on the stages of cancer progression and is reportedly 57 to 71% for stage I, 33 to 46% for stage II, 9 to 20% for stage III, and 4% for stage IV (Non-Patent Literature 1). Thus, the early detection of stomach cancer leads to improvement in the survival rate. Therefore, an approach that enables early detection is strongly desired.

The treatment of stomach cancer is performed by the combined use of surgical therapy, drug therapy, and radiotherapy. Particularly, in very early stomach cancer under no suspicion of lymph node metastasis, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is often applicable and the cancer can thus be treated without any burden on patients.

With the aim of detecting stomach cancer early, Japanese men and women aged 40 or older are recommended to take stomach cancer screening once a year. The efficacy of “gastric X-ray examination” as a method for stomach cancer screening has been shown. When detailed examination is required as a result of X-ray examination, gastroscopy is carried out. Alternatively, diagnostic imaging such as CT, PET, or MRI is also utilized for detecting stomach cancer (Non-Patent Literature 1).

On the other hand, no blood marker has been established for the screening of stomach cancer. Although the association of protein tumor markers such as CEA and CA19-9 in serum with stomach cancer has been suggested (Non-Patent Literature 3), there is no enough evidence to recommend using these markers for the purpose of screening. Meanwhile, as shown in Patent Literatures 1 to 3, there are reports, albeit at a research stage, on the detection of stomach cancer using the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) or combinations of the expression levels of miRNAs and the expression levels of additional protein markers in biological samples including blood.

-   Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for detecting cancers     including stomach cancer using hsa-miR-125a-3p in blood.

Patent Literature 2 discloses a method for detecting stomach cancer using hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-92-1, and miR-92-2 (miR-92a-1-3p and miR-92a-2-3p) and also using miR-128b (miR-128-2-3p), miR-30c (miR-30c-5p), miR-135-1, miR-135-2 (miR-135a-5p), and miR-149 (miR-149-5p), and other miRNAs in blood or tissues.

Patent Literature 3 discloses a method for detecting stomach cancer using hsa-miR-451 and 468 (hsa-miR-468-5p) in blood.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

-   Patent Literature 1: International Publication No. WO 2010/062706 -   Patent Literature 2: JP Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 2014-060993 A     (2014) -   Patent Literature 3: JP Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 2013-085542 A     (2013).

Non-Patent Literature

-   Non-Patent Literature 1: American Cancer Society, “Stomach Cancer”,     2013, p. 3, 6, and 18 to 20,     http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003141-pdf.pdf -   Non-Patent Literature 2: Sobin, L. et al, “TNM Classification of     Malignant Tumours, the 7th edition, Japanese version”, 2010, p. 69     to 73 -   Non-Patent Literature 3: Kim, H. J. et al., Acta Oncologica, 2009,     Vol. 48, p. 385 to 390

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

An object of the present invention is to find a novel tumor marker(s) for stomach cancer and to provide a method that can effectively detect stomach cancer using a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to the marker(s). Primary tests of stomach cancer include imaging tests such as gastric X-ray examination, which is routinely used in Japan, as well as CT, PET, and MRI (Non-Patent Literature 1). In Japan, however, stomach cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer death. Thus, the imaging tests cannot always work as a deterrent against stomach cancer death.

For example, CEA and CA19-9 are known as tumor markers for the detection of stomach cancer. In general, as shown in Non-Patent Literature 3, 5 ng/mL for CEA and 37 U/mL for CA19-9 are used as reference values. Although these tumor markers may be helpful in confirming the recurrence of or therapeutic effects on stomach cancer, their expression very rarely elevates in early stomach cancer. Therefore, these markers may not be useful for the purpose of stomach cancer screening. The tumor markers such as CEA and CA19-9 may also elevate for reasons other than those due to stomach cancer. Therefore, these markers alone allegedly fail to determine the presence or absence of stomach cancer. The false diagnosis of other cancers as stomach cancer wastes appropriate therapeutic opportunity or places unnecessary economical and physical burdens on patients due to the application of wrong medicine.

As described below, there are reports, albeit at a research stage, on the determination of stomach cancer using the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) in biological samples including blood, none of which, however, have yet been brought into practical use.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for detecting cancers including stomach cancer using hsa-miR-125a-3p and other miRNAs in blood. This detection method, however, does not describe specific detection performance such as accuracy, sensitivity, or specificity for determining stomach cancer and is thus industrially less practical.

Patent Literature 2 discloses a method for detecting stomach cancer using hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-92-1, and miR-92-2 (miR-92a-1-3p and miR-92a-2-3p) and further using miR-128 (miR-128-2-5p), miR-30c (miR-30c-5p), miR-135-1, miR-135-2 (miR-135a-5p), miR-149 (miR-149-5p), and other miRNAs in blood or tissues.

Among them, hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-92-1, and miR-92-2 (miR-92a-1-3p and miR-92a-2-3p) are particularly described as miRNAs for detecting stomach cancer. According to the description therein, these markers in blood, however, were not validated, and specific detection examples were given for miRNAs in tissues. This is not an easy screening test. Therefore, this detection method is industrially less practical.

As mentioned above, the existing tumor markers exhibit low performance in the detection of stomach cancer, or neither detection methods nor performance is specifically shown as to the markers at a research stage. Therefore, use of these markers might lead to carrying out needless extra examination due to the false detection of healthy subjects as being stomach cancer patients, or might waste therapeutic opportunity because of overlooking stomach cancer patients. In addition, the measurement of dozens to several hundreds of miRNAs increases examination cost and is therefore difficult to use in large-scale screening for medical checkup, etc. Furthermore, the collection of gastric tissues for measuring the tumor markers is highly invasive to patients and is not favorable. Hence, there is a demand for a highly accurate stomach cancer marker that is detectable from blood, which can be collected with limited invasiveness, and is capable of correctly discriminating a stomach cancer patient from a healthy subject. Particularly, screening based on an imaging test, such as gastric X-ray examination, which is currently carried out for the early detection of stomach cancer, presents problems associated with radiation exposure, high cost, etc. Therefore, the provision of a more convenient primary screening test of stomach cancer probably leads to benefits to subjects and the health service.

Solution to Problem

The present inventors have conducted diligent studies to attain the object and consequently completed the present invention by finding multiple genes usable as markers for the detection of stomach cancer from blood, which can be collected with limited invasiveness, and finding that stomach cancer can be significantly detected by using a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to any of these markers.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Specifically, the present invention has the following features:

(1) A kit for the detection of stomach cancer, comprising a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following stomach cancer markers: miR-4257, miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p, miR-718, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p.

(2) The kit according to (1), wherein miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p is hsa-miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p is hsa-miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p is hsa-miR-204-3p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-1231 is hsa-miR-1231, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b is hsa-miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p is hsa-miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p is hsa-miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p is hsa-miR-3622a-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p is hsa-miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-744-5p is hsa-miR-744-5p, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p is hsa-miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p is hsa-miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4706 is hsa-miR-4706, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p is hsa-miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p is hsa-miR-6766-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-602 is hsa-miR-602, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p is hsa-miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p is hsa-miR-6861-5p, miR-4449 is hsa-miR-4449, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-4513 is hsa-miR-4513, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p is hsa-miR-6777-5p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-4741 is hsa-miR-4741, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-150-3p is hsa-miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p is hsa-miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-3937 is hsa-miR-3937, miR-937-5p is hsa-miR-937-5p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p is hsa-miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-6802-5p is hsa-miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p is hsa-miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4734 is hsa-miR-4734, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p is hsa-miR-423-5p, miR-1469 is hsa-miR-1469, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p is hsa-miR-6716-5p, miR-718 is hsa-miR-718, miR-4281 is hsa-miR-4281, miR-6820-5p is hsa-miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p is hsa-miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p is hsa-miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-6132 is hsa-miR-6132, miR-4492 is hsa-miR-4492, miR-7107-5p is hsa-miR-7107-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-762 is hsa-miR-762, miR-2861 is hsa-miR-2861, miR-1203 is hsa-miR-1203, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4476 is hsa-miR-4476, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p is hsa-miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4688 is hsa-miR-4688, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-4640-5p is hsa-miR-4640-5p, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4276 is hsa-miR-4276, miR-7106-5p is hsa-miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p is hsa-miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p is hsa-miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p is hsa-miR-4707-3p, miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534, miR-4294 is hsa-miR-4294, miR-6850-5p is hsa-miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, and miR-671-5p is hsa-miR-671-5p.

(3) The kit according to (1) or (2), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):

-   -   (a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a         nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the         replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative         thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides,     -   (b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642,     -   (c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a         variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof         comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d).

(4) The kit according to any of (1) to (3), wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following other stomach cancer markers: miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p.

(5) The kit according to (4), wherein miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p.

(6) The kit according to (4) or (5), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):

-   -   (f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169,     -   (h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i).

(7) The kit according to any of (1) to (6), wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following other stomach cancer markers: miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p.

(8) The kit according to (7), wherein miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-211-3p is hsa-miR-211-3p, miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p is hsa-miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p is hsa-miR-135a-3p, miR-4486 is hsa-miR-4486, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p is hsa-miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-4673 is hsa-miR-4673, miR-4466 is hsa-miR-4466, miR-23a-3p is hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p is hsa-miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p is hsa-miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-3178 is hsa-miR-3178, miR-4665-5p is hsa-miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p is hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-3141 is hsa-miR-3141, and miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-1199-5p.

(9) The kit according to (7) or (8), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):

-   -   (k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199,     -   (m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n).

(10) The kit according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the kit comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the stomach cancer markers according to (1) or (2).

(11) A device for the detection of stomach cancer, comprising a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following stomach cancer markers: miR-4257, miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p, miR-718, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p.

(12) The device according to (11), wherein miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p is hsa-miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p is hsa-miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p is hsa-miR-204-3p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-1231 is hsa-miR-1231, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b is hsa-miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p is hsa-miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p is hsa-miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p is hsa-miR-3622a-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p is hsa-miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-744-5p is hsa-miR-744-5p, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p is hsa-miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p is hsa-miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4706 is hsa-miR-4706, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p is hsa-miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p is hsa-miR-6766-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-602 is hsa-miR-602, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p is hsa-miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p is hsa-miR-6861-5p, miR-4449 is hsa-miR-4449, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-4513 is hsa-miR-4513, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p is hsa-miR-6777-5p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-4741 is hsa-miR-4741, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-150-3p is hsa-miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p is hsa-miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-3937 is hsa-miR-3937, miR-937-5p is hsa-miR-937-5p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p is hsa-miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-6802-5p is hsa-miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p is hsa-miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4734 is hsa-miR-4734, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p is hsa-miR-423-5p, miR-1469 is hsa-miR-1469, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p is hsa-miR-6716-5p, miR-718 is hsa-miR-718, miR-4281 is hsa-miR-4281, miR-6820-5p is hsa-miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p is hsa-miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p is hsa-miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-6132 is hsa-miR-6132, miR-4492 is hsa-miR-4492, miR-7107-5p is hsa-miR-7107-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-762 is hsa-miR-762, miR-2861 is hsa-miR-2861, miR-1203 is hsa-miR-1203, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4476 is hsa-miR-4476, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p is hsa-miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4688 is hsa-miR-4688, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-4640-5p is hsa-miR-4640-5p, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4276 is hsa-miR-4276, miR-7106-5p is hsa-miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p is hsa-miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p is hsa-miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p is hsa-miR-4707-3p, miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534, miR-4294 is hsa-miR-4294, miR-6850-5p is hsa-miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, and miR-671-5p is hsa-miR-671-5p.

(13) The device according to (11) or (12), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):

-   -   (a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a         nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the         replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative         thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides,     -   (b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642,     -   (c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a         variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof         comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d).

(14) The device according to any of (11) to (13), wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following other stomach cancer markers: miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p.

(15) The device according to (14), wherein miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p.

(16) The device according to (14) or (15), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):

-   -   (f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169,     -   (h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i).

(17) The device according to any of (11) to (16), wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following other stomach cancer markers: miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p.

(18) The device according to (17), wherein miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-211-3p is hsa-miR-211-3p, miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p is hsa-miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p is hsa-miR-135a-3p, miR-4486 is hsa-miR-4486, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p is hsa-miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-4673 is hsa-miR-4673, miR-4466 is hsa-miR-4466, miR-23a-3p is hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p is hsa-miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p is hsa-miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-3178 is hsa-miR-3178, miR-4665-5p is hsa-miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p is hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-3141 is hsa-miR-3141, and miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-1199-5p.

(19) The device according to (17) or (18), wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):

-   -   (k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199,     -   (m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n).

(20) The device according to any one of (11) to (19), wherein the device is for measurement based on a hybridization technique.

(21) The device according to (20), wherein the hybridization technique is a nucleic acid array technique.

(22) The device according to any one of (11) to (21), wherein the device comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the stomach cancer markers according to (11) or (12).

(23) A method for detecting stomach cancer, comprising measuring an expression level(s) of a target nucleic acid(s) in a sample from a subject using the kit according to any one of (1) to (10) or the device according to any one of (11) to (22), and evaluating in vitro whether or not the subject has stomach cancer using both of the measured expression level(s) and a control expression level(s) in a sample from a healthy subject measured in the same way.

(24) The method according to (23), wherein the subject is a human.

(25) The method according to (23) or (24), wherein the sample is blood, serum, or plasma.

Definition of Terms

The terms used herein are defined as follows.

Abbreviations or terms such as nucleotide, polynucleotide, DNA, and RNA abide by “Guidelines for the preparation of specification which contain nucleotide and/or amino acid sequences” (edited by Japan Patent Office) and common use in the art.

The term “polynucleotide” used herein refers to a nucleic acid including all of RNA, DNA, and RNA/DNA (chimera). The DNA includes any of cDNA, genomic DNA, and synthetic DNA. The RNA includes any of total RNA, mRNA, rRNA, miRNA, siRNA, snoRNA, snRNA, non-coding RNA and synthetic RNA. Herein, the “synthetic DNA” and the “synthetic RNA” refer to DNA and RNA artificially prepared using, for example, an automatic nucleic acid synthesizer, on the basis of predetermined nucleotide sequences (which may be any of natural and non-natural sequences). The “non-natural sequence” is intended to be used in a broad sense and includes, for example, a sequence containing substitution, deletion, insertion, and/or addition of one or more nucleotides (i.e., a variant sequence) and a sequence containing one or more modified nucleotides (i.e., a modified sequence), which are different from the natural sequence. Herein, the polynucleotide is used interchangeably with a nucleic acid.

The term “fragment” used herein is a polynucleotide having a nucleotide sequence having a consecutive portion of a polynucleotide and desirably has a length of 15 or more nucleotides, preferably 17 or more nucleotides, more preferably 19 or more nucleotides.

The term “gene” used herein is intended to include not only RNA and double-stranded DNA but also each single-stranded DNA such as a plus strand (or a sense strand) or a complementary strand (or an antisense strand) that constitutes a duplex. The gene is not particularly limited by its length.

Thus, herein, the “gene” includes any of double-stranded DNA including human genomic DNA, single-stranded DNA (plus strand), single-stranded DNA having a sequence complementary to the plus strand (complementary strand) including cDNA, microRNA (miRNA), and their fragments, and their transcripts, unless otherwise specified. The “gene” includes not only a “gene” represented by a particular nucleotide sequence (or SEQ ID NO) but “nucleic acids” encoding RNAs having biological functions equivalent to RNA encoded by the gene, for example, a congener (i.e., a homolog or an ortholog), a variant (e.g., a genetic polymorph), and a derivative. Specific examples of such a “nucleic acid” encoding a congener, a variant, or a derivative can include a “nucleic acid” having a nucleotide sequence hybridizing under stringent conditions described later to a complementary sequence of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t. The “gene” is not particularly limited by its functional region and can contain, for example, an expression regulatory region(s), a coding region(s), an exon(s), or an intron(s). The “gene” may be contained in a cell or may exist alone after being released from a cell. Alternatively, the “gene” may be enclosed in a vesicle called exosome.

The term “exosome” used herein is a vesicle that is delimited by a lipid bilayer and secreted from a cell. The exosome is derived from a multivesicular endosome and may incorporate biomaterials such as a “gene” (e.g., RNA or DNA) or a protein when released into an extracellular environment. The exosome is known to be contained in a body fluid such as blood, serum, plasma, or lymph.

The term “transcript” used herein refers to an RNA synthesized from the DNA sequence of a gene as a template. RNA polymerase binds to a site called a promoter located upstream of the gene and adds ribonucleotides complementary to the nucleotide sequence of the DNA to the 3′ end to synthesize RNA. This RNA contains not only the gene itself but also the whole sequence from a transcription initiation site to the end of a polyA sequence, including an expression regulatory region, a coding region, an exon, or an intron.

Unless otherwise specified, the term “microRNA (miRNA)” used herein is intended to mean a 15- to 25-nucleotide non-coding RNA that is involved in the suppression of translation of mRNA, and that transcribed as an RNA precursor having a hairpin-like structure, cleaved by a dsRNA-cleaving enzyme which has RNase III cleavage activity, and integrated into a protein complex called RISC. The term “miRNA” used herein includes not only a “miRNA” represented by a particular nucleotide sequence (or SEQ ID NO) but a precursor of the “miRNA” (pre-miRNA or pri-miRNA), and miRNAs having biological functions equivalent thereto, for example, a congener (i.e., a homolog or an ortholog), a variant (e.g., a genetic polymorph), and a derivative. Such a precursor, a congener, a variant, or a derivative can be specifically identified using miRBase Release 20 (http://www.mirbase.org/), and examples thereof can include a “miRNA” having a nucleotide sequence hybridizing under stringent conditions described later to a complementary sequence of any particular nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657. The term “miRNA” used herein may be a gene product of a miR gene. Such a gene product includes a mature miRNA (e.g., a 15- to 25-nucleotide or 19-to 25-nucleotide non-coding RNA involved in the suppression of translation of mRNA as described above) or a miRNA precursor (e.g., pre-miRNA or pri-miRNA as described above).

The term “probe” used herein includes a polynucleotide that is used for specifically detecting RNA resulting from the expression of a gene or a polynucleotide derived from the RNA, and/or a polynucleotide complementary thereto.

The term “primer” used herein includes a polynucleotide that specifically recognizes and amplifies RNA resulting from the expression of a gene or a polynucleotide derived from the RNA, and/or a polynucleotide complementary thereto.

In this context, the complementary polynucleotide (complementary strand or reverse strand) means a polynucleotide in a complementary relationship of A:T (U) and G:C base pairs with the full-length sequence of a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence defined by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, or a partial sequence thereof (here, this full-length or partial sequence is referred to as a plus strand for the sake of convenience). However, such a complementary strand is not limited to a sequence completely complementary to the nucleotide sequence of the target plus strand and may have a complementary relationship to an extent that permits hybridization under stringent conditions to the target plus strand.

The term “stringent conditions” used herein refers to conditions under which a nucleic acid probe hybridizes to its target sequence to a larger extent (e.g., a measurement value equal to or larger than “(a mean of background measurement values)+(a standard deviation of the background measurement values)×2”) than that for other sequences. The stringent conditions are dependent on a sequence and differ depending on an environment where hybridization is performed. A target sequence that is 100% complementary to the nucleic acid probe can be identified by controlling the stringency of hybridization and/or washing conditions. Specific examples of the “stringent conditions” will be mentioned later.

The term “Tm value” used herein means a temperature at which the double-stranded moiety of a polynucleotide is denatured into single strands so that the double strands and the single strands exist at a ratio of 1:1.

The term “variant” used herein means, in the case of a nucleic acid, a natural variant attributed to polymorphism, mutation, or the like; a variant containing the deletion, substitution, addition, or insertion of 1 or 2 or more nucleotides in a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, or a partial sequence thereof; a variant that exhibits percent (%) identity of approximately 90% or higher, approximately 95% or higher, approximately 97% or higher, approximately 98% or higher, approximately 99% or higher to each of these nucleotide sequences or the partial sequences thereof; or a nucleic acid hybridizing under the stringent conditions defined above to a polynucleotide or an oligonucleotide comprising each of these nucleotide sequences or the partial sequences thereof.

The term “several” used herein means an integer of approximately 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, or 2.

The variant used herein can be prepared by use of a well-known technique such as site-directed mutagenesis or PCR-based mutagenesis.

The term “percent (%) identity” used herein can be determined with or without an introduced gap, using a protein or gene search system based on BLAST or FASTA described above (Zheng Zhang et al., 2000, J. Comput. Biol., Vol. 7, p. 203-214; Altschul, S. F. et al., 1990, Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol. 215, p. 403-410; and Pearson, W. R. et al., 1988, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, Vol. 85, p. 2444-2448).

The term “derivative” used herein is meant to include a modified nucleic acid, for example, a derivative labeled with a fluorophore or the like, a derivative containing a modified nucleotide (e.g., a nucleotide containing a group such as halogen, alkyl such as methyl, alkoxy such as methoxy, thio, or carboxymethyl, and a nucleotide that has undergone base rearrangement, double bond saturation, deamination, replacement of an oxygen molecule with a sulfur atom, etc.), PNA (peptide nucleic acid; Nielsen, P. E. et al., 1991, Science, Vol. 254, p. 1497-500), and LNA (locked nucleic acid; Obika, S. et al., 1998, Tetrahedron Lett., Vol. 39, p. 5401-5404) without any limitation.

The “nucleic acid” used herein capable of specifically binding to a polynucleotide selected from the stomach cancer marker miRNAs described above is a synthesized or prepared nucleic acid and specifically includes a “nucleic acid probe” or a “primer”. The “nucleic acid” is utilized directly or indirectly for detecting the presence or absence of stomach cancer in a subject, for diagnosing the presence or absence of stomach cancer, the severity of stomach cancer, the presence or absence of amelioration or the degree of amelioration of stomach cancer, or the therapeutic sensitivity of stomach cancer, or for screening for a candidate substance useful in the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of stomach cancer. The “nucleic acid” includes a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, and a polynucleotide capable of specifically recognizing and binding to a transcript represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 or a synthetic cDNA nucleic acid thereof in vivo, particularly, in a sample such as a body fluid (e.g., blood or urine), in relation to the development of stomach cancer. The nucleotide, the oligonucleotide, and the polynucleotide can be effectively used as probes for detecting the aforementioned gene expressed in vivo, in tissues, in cells, or the like on the basis of the properties described above, or as primers for amplifying the aforementioned gene expressed in vivo.

The term “detection” used herein is interchangeable with the term “examination”, “measurement”, “detection”, or “decision support”. The term “evaluation” used herein is meant to include diagnosis or evaluation support on the basis of examination results or measurement results.

The term “subject” used herein means a mammal such as a primate including a human and a chimpanzee, a pet animal including a dog and a cat, a livestock animal including cattle, a horse, sheep, and a goat, and a rodent including a mouse and a rat. The term “healthy subject” also means such a mammal without the cancer to be detected.

The term “P” or “P value” used herein refers to a probability at which a more extreme statistic than that actually calculated from data under null hypothesis is observed in a statistical test. Thus, smaller “P” or “P value” is regarded as being a more significant difference between subjects to be compared.

The term “sensitivity” used herein means a value of (the number of true positives)/(the number of true positives+the number of false negatives). High sensitivity allows stomach cancer to be detected early, leading to the complete resection of cancer sites and reduction in the rate of recurrence.

The term “specificity” used herein means a value of (the number of true negatives)/(the number of true negatives+the number of false positives). High specificity prevents needless extra examination for healthy subjects misjudged as being stomach cancer patients, leading to reduction in burden on patients and reduction in medical expense.

The term “accuracy” used herein means a value of (the number of true positives+the number of true negatives)/(the total number of cases). The accuracy indicates the ratio of samples that identified correctly in the discriminant results to all samples, and serves as a primary index for evaluating detection performance.

The “sample” used herein that is subject to determination, detection, or diagnosis refers to a tissue and a biological material in which the expression of the gene of the present invention varies as stomach cancer develops, as stomach cancer progresses, or as therapeutic effects on stomach cancer are exerted. Specifically, the “sample” refers to a gastric tissue, a perigastric vascular channel, lymph node, and organ, an organ suspected of having metastasis, the skin, a body fluid such as blood, urine, saliva, sweat, or tissue exudates, serum or plasma prepared from blood, feces, hair, and the like. The “sample” further refers to a biological sample extracted therefrom, specifically, a gene such as RNA or miRNA.

The term “hsa-miR-4257 gene” or “hsa-miR-4257” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4257 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016878) described in SEQ ID NO: 1, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4257 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One, Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4257” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015856, SEQ ID NO: 200) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4257”.

The term “hsa-miR-6726-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6726-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6726-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027353) described in SEQ ID NO: 2, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6726-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6726” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022571, SEQ ID NO: 201) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6726-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1343-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1343-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1343-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019776) described in SEQ ID NO: 3, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1343-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-1343” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017320, SEQ ID NO: 202) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1343-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1247-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1247-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1247-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022721) described in SEQ ID NO: 4, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1247-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Morin R D et al., 2008, Genome Res, Vol. 18, p. 610-621. Also, “hsa-mir-1247” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006382, SEQ ID NO: 203) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1247-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6787-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6787-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6787-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027474) described in SEQ ID NO: 5, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6787-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6787” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022632, SEQ ID NO: 204) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6787-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6875-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6875-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6875-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027650) described in SEQ ID NO: 6, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6875-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6875” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022722, SEQ ID NO: 205) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6875-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1225-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1225-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1225-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005573) described in SEQ ID NO: 7, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1225-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1225” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006311, SEQ ID NO: 206) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1225-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-8063 gene” or “hsa-miR-8063” used herein includes the hsa-miR-8063 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030990) described in SEQ ID NO: 8, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-8063 gene can be obtained by a method described in Wang H J et al., 2013, Shock, Vol. 39, p. 480-487. Also, “hsa-mir-8063” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025899, SEQ ID NO: 207) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-8063”.

The term “hsa-miR-6781-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6781-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6781-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027462) described in SEQ ID NO: 9, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6781-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6781” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022626, SEQ ID NO: 208) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6781-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4746-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4746-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4746-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019881) described in SEQ ID NO: 10, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4746-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4746” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017385, SEQ ID NO: 209) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4746-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1908-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1908-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1908-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007881) described in SEQ ID NO: 11, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1908-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Bar M et al., 2008, Stem Cells, Vol. 26, p. 2496-2505. Also, “hsa-mir-1908” (miRBase Accession No. MI0008329, SEQ ID NO: 210) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1908-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6756-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6756-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6756-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027412) described in SEQ ID NO: 12, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6756-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6756” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022601, SEQ ID NO: 211) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6756-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-204-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-204-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-204-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022693) described in SEQ ID NO: 13, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-204-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lim L P et al., 2003, Science, Vol. 299, p. 1540. Also, “hsa-mir-204” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000284, SEQ ID NO: 212) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-204-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4651 gene” or “hsa-miR-4651” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4651 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019715) described in SEQ ID NO: 14, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4651 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4651” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017279, SEQ ID NO: 213) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4651”.

The term “hsa-miR-6757-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6757-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6757-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027414) described in SEQ ID NO: 15, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6757-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6757” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022602, SEQ ID NO: 214) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6757-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6825-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6825-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6825-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027550) described in SEQ ID NO: 16, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6825-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6825” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022670, SEQ ID NO: 215) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6825-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-7108-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7108-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7108-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0028113) described in SEQ ID NO: 17, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7108-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-7108” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022959, SEQ ID NO: 216) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7108-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4792 gene” or “hsa-miR-4792” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4792 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019964) described in SEQ ID NO: 18, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4792 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4792” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017439, SEQ ID NO: 217) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4792”.

The term “hsa-miR-7641 gene” or “hsa-miR-7641” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7641 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0029782) described in SEQ ID NO: 19, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7641 gene can be obtained by a method described in Yoo J K et al., 2013, Arch Pharm Res, Vol. 36, p. 353-358. Also, “hsa-mir-7641-1 and hsa-mir-7641-2” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0024975 and MI0024976, SEQ ID NO: 218 and 219) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-7641”.

The term “hsa-miR-3188 gene” or “hsa-miR-3188” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3188 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015070) described in SEQ ID NO: 20, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3188 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3188” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014232, SEQ ID NO: 220) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3188”.

The term “hsa-miR-3131 gene” or “hsa-miR-3131” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3131 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0014996) described in SEQ ID NO: 21, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3131 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3131” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014151, SEQ ID NO: 221) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3131”.

The term “hsa-miR-6780b-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6780b-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6780b-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027572) described in SEQ ID NO: 22, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6780b-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6780b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022681, SEQ ID NO: 222) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6780b-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-8069 gene” or “hsa-miR-8069” used herein includes the hsa-miR-8069 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030996) described in SEQ ID NO: 23, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-8069 gene can be obtained by a method described in Wang H J et al., 2013, Shock, Vol. 39, p. 480-487. Also, “hsa-mir-8069” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025905, SEQ ID NO: 223) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-8069”.

The term “hsa-miR-6840-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6840-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6840-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027583) described in SEQ ID NO: 24, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6840-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6840” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022686, SEQ ID NO: 224) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6840-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-8072 gene” or “hsa-miR-8072” used herein includes the hsa-miR-8072 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030999) described in SEQ ID NO: 25, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-8072 gene can be obtained by a method described in Wang H J et al., 2013, Shock, Vol. 39, p. 480-487. Also, “hsa-mir-8072” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025908, SEQ ID NO: 225) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-8072”.

The term “hsa-miR-1233-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1233-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1233-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022943) described in SEQ ID NO: 26, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1233-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1233-1 and hsa-mir-1233-2” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0006323 and MI0015973, SEQ ID NOs: 226 and 227) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-1233-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6887-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6887-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6887-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027674) described in SEQ ID NO: 27, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6887-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6887” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022734, SEQ ID NO: 228) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6887-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1231 gene” or “hsa-miR-1231” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1231 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005586) described in SEQ ID NO: 28, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1231 gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1231” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006321, SEQ ID NO: 229) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1231”.

The term “hsa-miR-5572 gene” or “hsa-miR-5572” used herein includes the hsa-miR-5572 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022260) described in SEQ ID NO: 29, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-5572 gene can be obtained by a method described in Tandon M et al., 2012, Oral Dis, Vol. 18, p. 127-131. Also, “hsa-mir-5572” (miRBase Accession No. MI0019117, SEQ ID NO: 230) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-5572”.

The term “hsa-miR-6738-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6738-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6738-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027377) described in SEQ ID NO: 30, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6738-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6738” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022583, SEQ ID NO: 231) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6738-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6784-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6784-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6784-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027468) described in SEQ ID NO: 31, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6784-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6784” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022629, SEQ ID NO: 232) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6784-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6791-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6791-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6791-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027482) described in SEQ ID NO: 32, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6791-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6791” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022636, SEQ ID NO: 233) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6791-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6749-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6749-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6749-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027398) described in SEQ ID NO: 33, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6749-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6749” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022594, SEQ ID NO: 234) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6749-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6741-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6741-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6741-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027383) described in SEQ ID NO: 34, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6741-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6741” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022586, SEQ ID NO: 235) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6741-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-128-1-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-128-1-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-128-1-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0026477) described in SEQ ID NO: 35, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-128-1-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-128-1” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000447, SEQ ID NO: 236) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-128-1-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4419b gene” or “hsa-miR-4419b” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4419b gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019034) described in SEQ ID NO: 36, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4419b gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4419b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016861, SEQ ID NO: 237) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4419b”.

The term “hsa-miR-6746-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6746-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6746-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027392) described in SEQ ID NO: 37, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6746-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6746” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022591, SEQ ID NO: 238) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6746-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3184-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-3184-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3184-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015064) described in SEQ ID NO: 38, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3184-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3184” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014226, SEQ ID NO: 239) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3184-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3679-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-3679-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3679-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018104) described in SEQ ID NO: 39, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3679-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Creighton C J et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9637. Also, “hsa-mir-3679” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016080, SEQ ID NO: 240) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3679-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-7110-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7110-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7110-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0028117) described in SEQ ID NO: 40, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7110-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-7110” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022961, SEQ ID NO: 241) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7110-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4516 gene” or “hsa-miR-4516” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4516 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019053) described in SEQ ID NO: 41, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4516 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4516” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016882, SEQ ID NO: 242) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4516”.

The term “hsa-miR-6717-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6717-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6717-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025846) described in SEQ ID NO: 42, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6717-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Li Y et al., 2012, Gene, Vol. 497, p. 330-335. Also, “hsa-mir-6717” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022551, SEQ ID NO: 243) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6717-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6826-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6826-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6826-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027552) described in SEQ ID NO: 43, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6826-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6826” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022671, SEQ ID NO: 244) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6826-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4433b-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4433b-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4433b-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030414) described in SEQ ID NO: 44, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4433b-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ple H et al., 2012, PLoS One, Vol. 7, e50746. Also, “hsa-mir-4433b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025511, SEQ ID NO: 245) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4433b-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3679-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-3679-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3679-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018105) described in SEQ ID NO: 45, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3679-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Creighton C J et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9637. Also, “hsa-mir-3679” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016080, SEQ ID NO: 240) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3679-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3135b gene” or “hsa-miR-3135b” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3135b gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018985) described in SEQ ID NO: 46, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3135b gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-3135b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016809, SEQ ID NO: 246) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3135b”.

The term “hsa-miR-3622a-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-3622a-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3622a-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018003) described in SEQ ID NO: 47, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3622a-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Witten D et al., 2010, BMC Biol, Vol. 8, p. 58. Also, “hsa-mir-3622a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016013, SEQ ID NO: 247) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3622a-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-711 gene” or “hsa-miR-711” used herein includes the hsa-miR-711 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0012734) described in SEQ ID NO: 48, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-711 gene can be obtained by a method described in Artzi S et al., 2008, BMC Bioinformatics, Vol. 9, p. 39. Also, “hsa-mir-711” (miRBase Accession No. MI0012488, SEQ ID NO: 248) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-711”.

The term “hsa-miR-4467 gene” or “hsa-miR-4467” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4467 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018994) described in SEQ ID NO: 49, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4467 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4467” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016818, SEQ ID NO: 249) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4467”.

The term “hsa-miR-6857-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6857-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6857-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027614) described in SEQ ID NO: 50, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6857-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6857” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022703, SEQ ID NO: 250) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6857-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6515-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6515-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6515-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025487) described in SEQ ID NO: 51, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6515-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Joyce C E et al., 2011, Hum Mol Genet, Vol. 20, p. 4025-4040. Also, “hsa-mir-6515” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022227, SEQ ID NO: 251) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6515-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1225-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1225-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1225-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005572) described in SEQ ID NO: 52, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1225-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1225” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006311, SEQ ID NO: 206) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1225-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-187-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-187-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-187-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004561) described in SEQ ID NO: 53, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-187-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lim L P et al., 2003, Science, Vol. 299, p. 1540. Also, “hsa-mir-187” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000274, SEQ ID NO: 252) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-187-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3185 gene” or “hsa-miR-3185” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3185 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015065) described in SEQ ID NO: 54, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3185 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3185” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014227, SEQ ID NO: 253) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3185”.

The term “hsa-miR-642b-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-642b-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-642b-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018444) described in SEQ ID NO: 55, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-642b-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Witten D et al., 2010, BMC Biol, Vol. 8, p. 58. Also, “hsa-mir-642b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016685, SEQ ID NO: 254) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-642b-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1249 gene” or “hsa-miR-1249” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1249 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005901) described in SEQ ID NO: 56, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1249 gene can be obtained by a method described in Morin R D et al., 2008, Genome Res, Vol. 18, p. 610-621. Also, “hsa-mir-1249” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006384, SEQ ID NO: 255) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1249”.

The term “hsa-miR-744-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-744-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-744-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004945) described in SEQ ID NO: 57, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-744-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2006, Genome Res, Vol. 16, p. 1289-1298. Also, “hsa-mir-744” (miRBase Accession No. MI0005559, SEQ ID NO: 256) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-744-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4442 gene” or “hsa-miR-4442” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4442 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018960) described in SEQ ID NO: 58, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4442 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4442” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016785, SEQ ID NO: 257) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4442”.

The term “hsa-miR-1228-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1228-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1228-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005583) described in SEQ ID NO: 59, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1228-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1228” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006318, SEQ ID NO: 258) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1228-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-939-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-939-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-939-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004982) described in SEQ ID NO: 60, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-939-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lui W O et al., 2007, Cancer Res, Vol. 67, p. 6031-6043. Also, “hsa-mir-939” (miRBase Accession No. MI0005761, SEQ ID NO: 259) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-939-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6845-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6845-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6845-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027590) described in SEQ ID NO: 61, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6845-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6845” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022691, SEQ ID NO: 260) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6845-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-887-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-887-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-887-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004951) described in SEQ ID NO: 62, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-887-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2006, Genome Res, Vol. 16, p. 1289-1298. Also, “hsa-mir-887” (miRBase Accession No. MI0005562, SEQ ID NO: 261) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-887-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-7845-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7845-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7845-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030420) described in SEQ ID NO: 63, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7845-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ple H et al., 2012, PLoS One, Vol. 7, e50746. Also, “hsa-mir-7845” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025515, SEQ ID NO: 262) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7845-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6729-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6729-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6729-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027359) described in SEQ ID NO: 64, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6729-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6729” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022574, SEQ ID NO: 263) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6729-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4632-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4632-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4632-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022977) described in SEQ ID NO: 65, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4632-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4632” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017259, SEQ ID NO: 264) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4632-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-615-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-615-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-615-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004804) described in SEQ ID NO: 66, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-615-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-615” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003628, SEQ ID NO: 265) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-615-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6724-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6724-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6724-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025856) described in SEQ ID NO: 67, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6724-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Li Y et al., 2012, Gene, Vol. 497, p. 330-335. Also, “hsa-mir-6724” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022559, SEQ ID NO: 266) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6724-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4728-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4728-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4728-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019849) described in SEQ ID NO: 68, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4728-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4728” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017365, SEQ ID NO: 267) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4728-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6732-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6732-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6732-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027365) described in SEQ ID NO: 69, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6732-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6732” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022577, SEQ ID NO: 268) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6732-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6816-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6816-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6816-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027532) described in SEQ ID NO: 70, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6816-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6816” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022661, SEQ ID NO: 269) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6816-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4695-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4695-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4695-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019788) described in SEQ ID NO: 71, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4695-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4695” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017328, SEQ ID NO: 270) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4695-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6088 gene” or “hsa-miR-6088” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6088 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0023713) described in SEQ ID NO: 72, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6088 gene can be obtained by a method described in Yoo J K et al., 2012, Stem Cells Dev, Vol. 21, p. 2049-2057. Also, “hsa-mir-6088” (miRBase Accession No. MI0020365, SEQ ID NO: 271) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6088”.

The term “hsa-miR-7975 gene” or “hsa-miR-7975” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7975 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0031178) described in SEQ ID NO: 73, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7975 gene can be obtained by a method described in Velthut-Meikas A et al., 2013, Mol Endocrinol, online. Also, “hsa-mir-7975” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025751, SEQ ID NO: 272) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7975”.

The term “hsa-miR-3197 gene” or “hsa-miR-3197” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3197 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015082) described in SEQ ID NO: 74, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3197 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3197” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014245, SEQ ID NO: 273) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3197”.

The term “hsa-miR-6125 gene” or “hsa-miR-6125” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6125 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0024598) described in SEQ ID NO: 75, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6125 gene can be obtained by a method described in Smith J L et al., 2012, J Virol, Vol. 86, p. 5278-5287. Also, “hsa-mir-6125” (miRBase Accession No. MI0021259, SEQ ID NO: 274) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6125”.

The term “hsa-miR-4433-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4433-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4433-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018949) described in SEQ ID NO: 76, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4433-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4433” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016773, SEQ ID NO: 275) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4433-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6727-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6727-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6727-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027355) described in SEQ ID NO: 77, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6727-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6727” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022572, SEQ ID NO: 276) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6727-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4706 gene” or “hsa-miR-4706” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4706 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019806) described in SEQ ID NO: 78, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4706 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4706” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017339, SEQ ID NO: 277) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4706”.

The term “hsa-miR-7847-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-7847-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7847-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030422) described in SEQ ID NO: 79, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7847-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ple H et al., 2012, PLoS One, Vol. 7, e50746. Also, “hsa-mir-7847” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025517, SEQ ID NO: 278) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7847-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6805-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6805-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6805-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027511) described in SEQ ID NO: 80, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6805-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6805” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022650, SEQ ID NO: 279) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6805-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6766-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6766-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6766-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027433) described in SEQ ID NO: 81, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6766-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6766” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022611, SEQ ID NO: 280) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6766-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1913 gene” or “hsa-miR-1913” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1913 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007888) described in SEQ ID NO: 82, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1913 gene can be obtained by a method described in Bar M et al., 2008, Stem Cells, Vol. 26, p. 2496-2505. Also, “hsa-mir-1913” (miRBase Accession No. MI0008334, SEQ ID NO: 281) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1913”.

The term “hsa-miR-4649-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4649-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4649-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019711) described in SEQ ID NO: 83, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4649-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4649” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017276, SEQ ID NO: 282) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4649-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-602 gene” or “hsa-miR-602” used herein includes the hsa-miR-602 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0003270) described in SEQ ID NO: 84, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-602 gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-602” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003615, SEQ ID NO: 283) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-602”.

The term “hsa-miR-3663-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-3663-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3663-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018085) described in SEQ ID NO: 85, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3663-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Liao J Y et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e10563. Also, “hsa-mir-3663” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016064, SEQ ID NO: 284) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3663-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6893-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6893-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6893-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027686) described in SEQ ID NO: 86, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6893-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6893” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022740, SEQ ID NO: 285) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6893-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6861-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6861-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6861-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027623) described in SEQ ID NO: 87, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6861-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6861” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022708, SEQ ID NO: 286) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6861-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4449 gene” or “hsa-miR-4449” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4449 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018968) described in SEQ ID NO: 88, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4449 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4449” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016792, SEQ ID NO: 287) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4449”.

The term “hsa-miR-6842-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6842-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6842-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027586) described in SEQ ID NO: 89, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6842-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6842” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022688, SEQ ID NO: 288) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6842-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4454 gene” or “hsa-miR-4454” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4454 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018976) described in SEQ ID NO: 90, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4454 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4454” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016800, SEQ ID NO: 289) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4454”.

The term “hsa-miR-5195-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-5195-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-5195-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0021127) described in SEQ ID NO: 91, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-5195-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Schotte D et al., 2011, Leukemia, Vol. 25, p. 1389-1399. Also, “hsa-mir-5195” (miRBase Accession No. MI0018174, SEQ ID NO: 290) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-5195-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-663b gene” or “hsa-miR-663b” used herein includes the hsa-miR-663b gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005867) described in SEQ ID NO: 92, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-663b gene can be obtained by a method described in Takada S et al., 2008, Leukemia, Vol. 22, p. 1274-1278. Also, “hsa-mir-663b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006336, SEQ ID NO: 291) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-663b”.

The term “hsa-miR-6765-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6765-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6765-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027430) described in SEQ ID NO: 93, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6765-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6765” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022610, SEQ ID NO: 292) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6765-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4513 gene” or “hsa-miR-4513” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4513 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019050) described in SEQ ID NO: 94, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4513 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4513” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016879, SEQ ID NO: 293) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4513”.

The term “hsa-miR-614 gene” or “hsa-miR-614” used herein includes the hsa-miR-614 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0003282) described in SEQ ID NO: 95, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-614 gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-614” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003627, SEQ ID NO: 294) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-614”.

The term “hsa-miR-6785-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6785-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6785-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027470) described in SEQ ID NO: 96, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6785-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6785” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022630, SEQ ID NO: 295) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6785-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6777-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6777-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6777-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027454) described in SEQ ID NO: 97, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6777-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6777” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022622, SEQ ID NO: 296) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6777-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-940 gene” or “hsa-miR-940” used herein includes the hsa-miR-940 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004983) described in SEQ ID NO: 98, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-940 gene can be obtained by a method described in Lui W O et al., 2007, Cancer Res, Vol. 67, p. 6031-6043. Also, “hsa-mir-940” (miRBase Accession No. MI0005762, SEQ ID NO: 297) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-940”.

The term “hsa-miR-4741 gene” or “hsa-miR-4741” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4741 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019871) described in SEQ ID NO: 99, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4741 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4741” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017379, SEQ ID NO: 298) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4741”.

The term “hsa-miR-6870-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6870-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6870-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027640) described in SEQ ID NO: 100, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6870-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6870” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022717, SEQ ID NO: 299) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6870-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6131 gene” or “hsa-miR-6131” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6131 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0024615) described in SEQ ID NO: 101, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6131 gene can be obtained by a method described in Dannemann M et al., 2012, Genome Biol Evol, Vol. 4, p. 552-564. Also, “hsa-mir-6131” (miRBase Accession No. MI0021276, SEQ ID NO: 300) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6131”.

The term “hsa-miR-150-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-150-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-150-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004610) described in SEQ ID NO: 102, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-150-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-150” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000479, SEQ ID NO: 301) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-150-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4707-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4707-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4707-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019807) described in SEQ ID NO: 103, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4707-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4707” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017340, SEQ ID NO: 302) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4707-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1915-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1915-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1915-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007892) described in SEQ ID NO: 104, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1915-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Bar M et al., 2008, Stem Cells, Vol. 26, p. 2496-2505. Also, “hsa-mir-1915” (miRBase Accession No. MI0008336, SEQ ID NO: 303) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1915-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3937 gene” or “hsa-miR-3937” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3937 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018352) described in SEQ ID NO: 105, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3937 gene can be obtained by a method described in Liao J Y et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e10563. Also, “hsa-mir-3937” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016593, SEQ ID NO: 304) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3937”.

The term “hsa-miR-937-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-937-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-937-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022938) described in SEQ ID NO: 106, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-937-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lui W O et al., 2007, Cancer Res, Vol. 67, p. 6031-6043. Also, “hsa-mir-937” (miRBase Accession No. MI0005759, SEQ ID NO: 305) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-937-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4443 gene” or “hsa-miR-4443” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4443 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018961) described in SEQ ID NO: 107, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4443 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4443” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016786, SEQ ID NO: 306) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4443”.

The term “hsa-miR-1914-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-1914-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1914-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007890) described in SEQ ID NO: 108, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1914-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Bar M et al., 2008, Stem Cells, Vol. 26, p. 2496-2505. Also, “hsa-mir-1914” (miRBase Accession No. MI0008335, SEQ ID NO: 307) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1914-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3620-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-3620-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3620-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022967) described in SEQ ID NO: 109, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3620-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Witten D et al., 2010, BMC Biol, Vol. 8, p. 58. Also, “hsa-mir-3620” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016011, SEQ ID NO: 308) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3620-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1268b gene” or “hsa-miR-1268b” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1268b gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018925) described in SEQ ID NO: 110, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1268b gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-1268b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016748, SEQ ID NO: 309) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1268b”.

The term “hsa-miR-1227-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1227-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1227-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022941) described in SEQ ID NO: 111, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1227-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2007, Mol Cell, Vol. 28, p. 328-336. Also, “hsa-mir-1227” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006316, SEQ ID NO: 310) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1227-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6880-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6880-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6880-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027660) described in SEQ ID NO: 112, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6880-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6880” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022727, SEQ ID NO: 311) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6880-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4417 gene” or “hsa-miR-4417” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4417 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018929) described in SEQ ID NO: 113, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4417 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4417” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016753, SEQ ID NO: 312) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4417”.

The term “hsa-miR-6802-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6802-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6802-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027504) described in SEQ ID NO: 114, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6802-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6802” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022647, SEQ ID NO: 313) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6802-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6769a-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6769a-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6769a-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027438) described in SEQ ID NO: 115, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6769a-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6769a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022614, SEQ ID NO: 314) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6769a-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-663a gene” or “hsa-miR-663a” used herein includes the hsa-miR-663a gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0003326) described in SEQ ID NO: 116, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-663a gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-663a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003672, SEQ ID NO: 315) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-663a”.

The term “hsa-miR-6721-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6721-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6721-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025852) described in SEQ ID NO: 117, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6721-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Li Y et al., 2012, Gene, Vol. 497, p. 330-335. Also, “hsa-mir-6721” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022556, SEQ ID NO: 316) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6721-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4532 gene” or “hsa-miR-4532” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4532 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019071) described in SEQ ID NO: 118, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4532 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4532” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016899, SEQ ID NO: 317) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4532”.

The term “hsa-miR-7977 gene” or “hsa-miR-7977” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7977 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0031180) described in SEQ ID NO: 119, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7977 gene can be obtained by a method described in Velthut-Meikas A et al., 2013, Mol Endocrinol, online. Also, “hsa-mir-7977” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025753, SEQ ID NO: 318) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7977”.

The term “hsa-miR-92b-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-92b-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-92b-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004792) described in SEQ ID NO: 120, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-92b-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-92b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003560, SEQ ID NO: 319) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-92b-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-371a-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-371a-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-371a-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004687) described in SEQ ID NO: 121, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-371a-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Suh M R et al., 2004, Dev Biol, Vol. 270, p. 488-498. Also, “hsa-mir-371a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000779, SEQ ID NO: 320) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-371a-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6126 gene” or “hsa-miR-6126” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6126 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0024599) described in SEQ ID NO: 122, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6126 gene can be obtained by a method described in Smith J L et al., 2012, J Virol, Vol. 86, p. 5278-5287. Also, “hsa-mir-6126” (miRBase Accession No. MI0021260, SEQ ID NO: 321) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6126”.

The term “hsa-miR-4734 gene” or “hsa-miR-4734” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4734 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019859) described in SEQ ID NO: 123, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4734 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4734” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017371, SEQ ID NO: 322) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4734”.

The term “hsa-miR-4665-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4665-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4665-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019740) described in SEQ ID NO: 124, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4665-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4665” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017295, SEQ ID NO: 323) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4665-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-423-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-423-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-423-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004748) described in SEQ ID NO: 125, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-423-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Kasashima K et al., 2004, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, Vol. 322, p. 403-410. Also, “hsa-mir-423” (miRBase Accession No. MI0001445, SEQ ID NO: 324) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-423-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1469 gene” or “hsa-miR-1469” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1469 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007347) described in SEQ ID NO: 126, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1469 gene can be obtained by a method described in Kawaji H et al., 2008, BMC Genomics, Vol. 9, p. 157. Also, “hsa-mir-1469” (miRBase Accession No. MI0007074, SEQ ID NO: 325) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1469”.

The term “hsa-miR-4675 gene” or “hsa-miR-4675” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4675 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019757) described in SEQ ID NO: 127, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4675 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4675” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017306, SEQ ID NO: 326) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4675”.

The term “hsa-miR-1915-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1915-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1915-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0007891) described in SEQ ID NO: 128, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1915-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Bar M et al., 2008, Stem Cells, Vol. 26, p. 2496-2505. Also, “hsa-mir-1915” (miRBase Accession No. MI0008336, SEQ ID NO: 303) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1915-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6716-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6716-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6716-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025844) described in SEQ ID NO: 129, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6716-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Li Y et al., 2012, Gene, Vol. 497, p. 330-335. Also, “hsa-mir-6716” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022550, SEQ ID NO: 327) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6716-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-718 gene” or “hsa-miR-718” used herein includes the hsa-miR-718 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0012735) described in SEQ ID NO: 130, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-718 gene can be obtained by a method described in Artzi S et al., 2008, BMC Bioinformatics, Vol. 9, p. 39. Also, “hsa-mir-718” (miRBase Accession No. MI0012489, SEQ ID NO: 328) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-718”.

The term “hsa-miR-4281 gene” or “hsa-miR-4281” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4281 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016907) described in SEQ ID NO: 131, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4281 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One, Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4281” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015885, SEQ ID NO: 329) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4281”.

The term “hsa-miR-6820-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6820-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6820-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027540) described in SEQ ID NO: 132, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6820-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6820” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022665, SEQ ID NO: 330) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6820-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6795-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6795-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6795-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027490) described in SEQ ID NO: 133, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6795-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6795” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022640, SEQ ID NO: 331) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6795-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6779-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6779-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6779-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027458) described in SEQ ID NO: 134, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6779-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6779” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022624, SEQ ID NO: 332) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6779-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-7109-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7109-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7109-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0028115) described in SEQ ID NO: 135, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7109-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-7109” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022960, SEQ ID NO: 333) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7109-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6798-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6798-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6798-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027496) described in SEQ ID NO: 136, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6798-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6798” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022643, SEQ ID NO: 334) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6798-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4648 gene” or “hsa-miR-4648” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4648 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019710) described in SEQ ID NO: 137, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4648 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4648” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017275, SEQ ID NO: 335) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4648”.

The term “hsa-miR-8059 gene” or “hsa-miR-8059” used herein includes the hsa-miR-8059 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0030986) described in SEQ ID NO: 138, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-8059 gene can be obtained by a method described in Wang H J et al., 2013, Shock, Vol. 39, p. 480-487. Also, “hsa-mir-8059” (miRBase Accession No. MI0025895, SEQ ID NO: 336) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-8059”.

The term “hsa-miR-6765-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6765-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6765-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027431) described in SEQ ID NO: 139, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6765-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6765” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022610, SEQ ID NO: 292) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6765-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6132 gene” or “hsa-miR-6132” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6132 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0024616) described in SEQ ID NO: 140, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6132 gene can be obtained by a method described in Dannemann M et al., 2012, Genome Biol Evol, Vol. 4, p. 552-564. Also, “hsa-mir-6132” (miRBase Accession No. MI0021277, SEQ ID NO: 337) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6132”.

The term “hsa-miR-4492 gene” or “hsa-miR-4492” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4492 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019027) described in SEQ ID NO: 141, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4492 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4492” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016854, SEQ ID NO: 338) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4492”.

The term “hsa-miR-7107-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7107-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7107-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0028111) described in SEQ ID NO: 142, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7107-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-7107” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022958, SEQ ID NO: 339) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7107-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3195 gene” or “hsa-miR-3195” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3195 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015079) described in SEQ ID NO: 143, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3195 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3195” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014240, SEQ ID NO: 340) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3195”.

The term “hsa-miR-3180 gene” or “hsa-miR-3180” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3180 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018178) described in SEQ ID NO: 144, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3180 gene can be obtained by a method described in Creighton C J et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9637. Also, “hsa-mir-3180-4 and hsa-mir-3180-5” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0016408 and MI0016409, SEQ ID NOs: 341 and 342) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-3180”.

The term “hsa-miR-296-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-296-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-296-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004679) described in SEQ ID NO: 145, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-296-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Houbaviy H B et al., 2003, Dev Cell, Vol. 5, p. 351-358. Also, “hsa-mir-296” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000747, SEQ ID NO: 343) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-296-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-564 gene” or “hsa-miR-564” used herein includes the hsa-miR-564 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0003228) described in SEQ ID NO: 146, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-564 gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-564” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003570, SEQ ID NO: 344) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-564”.

The term “hsa-miR-1268a gene” or “hsa-miR-1268a” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1268a gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005922) described in SEQ ID NO: 147, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1268a gene can be obtained by a method described in Morin R D et al., 2008, Genome Res, Vol. 18, p. 610-621. Also, “hsa-mir-1268a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006405, SEQ ID NO: 345) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1268a”.

The term “hsa-miR-6848-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6848-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6848-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027596) described in SEQ ID NO: 148, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6848-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6848” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022694, SEQ ID NO: 346) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6848-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-762 gene” or “hsa-miR-762” used herein includes the hsa-miR-762 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0010313) described in SEQ ID NO: 149, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-762 gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2006, Genome Res, Vol. 16, p. 1289-1298. Also, “hsa-mir-762” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003892, SEQ ID NO: 347) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-762”.

The term “hsa-miR-2861 gene” or “hsa-miR-2861” used herein includes the hsa-miR-2861 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0013802) described in SEQ ID NO: 150, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-2861 gene can be obtained by a method described in Li H et al., 2009, J Clin Invest, Vol. 119, p. 3666-3677. Also, “hsa-mir-2861” (miRBase Accession No. MI0013006, SEQ ID NO: 348) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-2861”.

The term “hsa-miR-1203 gene” or “hsa-miR-1203” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1203 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005866) described in SEQ ID NO: 151, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1203 gene can be obtained by a method described in Marton S et al., 2008, Leukemia, Vol. 22, p. 330-338. Also, “hsa-mir-1203” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006335, SEQ ID NO: 349) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1203”.

The term “hsa-miR-1260b gene” or “hsa-miR-1260b” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1260b gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015041) described in SEQ ID NO: 152, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1260b gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-1260b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014197, SEQ ID NO: 350) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1260b”.

The term “hsa-miR-4476 gene” or “hsa-miR-4476” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4476 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019003) described in SEQ ID NO: 153, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4476 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4476” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016828, SEQ ID NO: 351) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4476”.

The term “hsa-miR-6885-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6885-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6885-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027670) described in SEQ ID NO: 154, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6885-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6885” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022732, SEQ ID NO: 352) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6885-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6769b-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6769b-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6769b-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027620) described in SEQ ID NO: 155, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6769b-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6769b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022706, SEQ ID NO: 353) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6769b-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-23b-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-23b-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-23b-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0000418) described in SEQ ID NO: 156, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-23b-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-23b” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000439, SEQ ID NO: 354) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-23b-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-1343-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1343-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1343-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027038) described in SEQ ID NO: 157, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1343-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-1343” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017320, SEQ ID NO: 202) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1343-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3621 gene” or “hsa-miR-3621” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3621 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018002) described in SEQ ID NO: 158, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3621 gene can be obtained by a method described in Witten D et al., 2010, BMC Biol, Vol. 8, p. 58. Also, “hsa-mir-3621” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016012, SEQ ID NO: 355) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3621”.

The term “hsa-miR-4688 gene” or “hsa-miR-4688” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4688 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019777) described in SEQ ID NO: 159, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4688 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4688” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017321, SEQ ID NO: 356) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4688”.

The term “hsa-miR-4286 gene” or “hsa-miR-4286” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4286 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016916) described in SEQ ID NO: 160, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4286 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One, Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4286” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015894, SEQ ID NO: 357) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4286”.

The term “hsa-miR-4640-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4640-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4640-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019699) described in SEQ ID NO: 161, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4640-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4640” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017267, SEQ ID NO: 358) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4640-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4739 gene” or “hsa-miR-4739” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4739 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019868) described in SEQ ID NO: 162, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4739 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4739” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017377, SEQ ID NO: 359) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4739”.

The term “hsa-miR-1260a gene” or “hsa-miR-1260a” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1260a gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0005911) described in SEQ ID NO: 163, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1260a gene can be obtained by a method described in Morin R D et al., 2008, Genome Res, Vol. 18, p. 610-621. Also, “hsa-mir-1260a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0006394, SEQ ID NO: 360) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1260a”.

The term “hsa-miR-4276 gene” or “hsa-miR-4276” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4276 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016904) described in SEQ ID NO: 164, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4276 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One, Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4276” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015882, SEQ ID NO: 361) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4276”.

The term “hsa-miR-7106-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-7106-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-7106-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0028109) described in SEQ ID NO: 165, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-7106-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-7106” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022957, SEQ ID NO: 362) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-7106-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-128-2-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-128-2-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-128-2-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0031095) described in SEQ ID NO: 166, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-128-2-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-128-2” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000727, SEQ ID NO: 363) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-128-2-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-125a-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-125a-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-125a-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004602) described in SEQ ID NO: 167, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-125a-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-125a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000469, SEQ ID NO: 364) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-125a-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-92a-2-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-92a-2-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-92a-2-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004508) described in SEQ ID NO: 168, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-92a-2-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Mourelatos Z et al., 2002, Genes Dev, Vol. 16, p. 720-728. Also, “hsa-mir-92a-2” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000094, SEQ ID NO: 365) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-92a-2-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-486-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-486-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-486-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004762) described in SEQ ID NO: 169, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-486-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Fu H et al., 2005, FEBS Lett, Vol. 579, p. 3849-3854. Also, “hsa-mir-486 and hsa-mir-486-2” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0002470 and MI0023622, SEQ ID NOs: 366 and 367) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-486-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3196 gene” or “hsa-miR-3196” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3196 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015080) described in SEQ ID NO: 170, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3196 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3196” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014241, SEQ ID NO: 368) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3196”.

The term “hsa-miR-211-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-211-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-211-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0022694) described in SEQ ID NO: 171, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-211-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lim L P et al., 2003, Science, Vol. 299, p. 1540. Also, “hsa-mir-211” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000287, SEQ ID NO: 369) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-211-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4271 gene” or “hsa-miR-4271” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4271 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016901) described in SEQ ID NO: 172, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4271 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One, Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4271” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015879, SEQ ID NO: 370) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4271”.

The term “hsa-miR-6851-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6851-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6851-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027602) described in SEQ ID NO: 173, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6851-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6851” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022697, SEQ ID NO: 371) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6851-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-149-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-149-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-149-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004609) described in SEQ ID NO: 174, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-149-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-149” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000478, SEQ ID NO: 372) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-149-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4667-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4667-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4667-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019743) described in SEQ ID NO: 175, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4667-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4667” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017297, SEQ ID NO: 373) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4667-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-135a-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-135a-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-135a-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004595) described in SEQ ID NO: 176, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-135a-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-135a-1” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000452, SEQ ID NO: 374) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-135a-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4486 gene” or “hsa-miR-4486” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4486 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019020) described in SEQ ID NO: 177, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4486 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4486” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016847, SEQ ID NO: 375) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4486”.

The term “hsa-miR-4697-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4697-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4697-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019791) described in SEQ ID NO: 178, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4697-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4697” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017330, SEQ ID NO: 376) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4697-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4725-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4725-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4725-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019844) described in SEQ ID NO: 179, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4725-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4725” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017362, SEQ ID NO: 377) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4725-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6510-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6510-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6510-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025476) described in SEQ ID NO: 180, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6510-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Joyce C E et al., 2011, Hum Mol Genet, Vol. 20, p. 4025-4040. Also, “hsa-mir-6510” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022222, SEQ ID NO: 378) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6510-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-5001-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-5001-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-5001-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0021021) described in SEQ ID NO: 181, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-5001-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Hansen T B et al., 2011, RNA Biol, Vol. 8, p. 378-383. Also, “hsa-mir-5001” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017867, SEQ ID NO: 379) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-5001-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4673 gene” or “hsa-miR-4673” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4673 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019755) described in SEQ ID NO: 182, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4673 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4673” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017304, SEQ ID NO: 380) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4673”.

The term “hsa-miR-4466 gene” or “hsa-miR-4466” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4466 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018993) described in SEQ ID NO: 183, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4466 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4466” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016817, SEQ ID NO: 381) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4466”.

The term “hsa-miR-23a-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-23a-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-23a-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0000078) described in SEQ ID NO: 184, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-23a-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2001, Science, Vol. 294, p. 853-858. Also, “hsa-mir-23a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000079, SEQ ID NO: 382) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-23a-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3656 gene” or “hsa-miR-3656” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3656 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018076) described in SEQ ID NO: 185, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3656 gene can be obtained by a method described in Meiri E et al., 2010, Nucleic Acids Res, Vol. 38, p. 6234-6246. Also, “hsa-mir-3656” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016056, SEQ ID NO: 383) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3656”.

The term “hsa-miR-6782-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6782-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6782-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027464) described in SEQ ID NO: 186, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6782-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6782” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022627, SEQ ID NO: 384) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6782-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4689 gene” or “hsa-miR-4689” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4689 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019778) described in SEQ ID NO: 187, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4689 gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4689” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017322, SEQ ID NO: 385) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4689”.

The term “hsa-miR-451a gene” or “hsa-miR-451a” used herein includes the hsa-miR-451a gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0001631) described in SEQ ID NO: 188, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-451a gene can be obtained by a method described in Altuvia Y et al., 2005, Nucleic Acids Res, Vol. 33, p. 2697-2706. Also, “hsa-mir-451a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0001729, SEQ ID NO: 386) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-451a”.

The term “hsa-miR-4446-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4446-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4446-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0018965) described in SEQ ID NO: 189, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4446-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4446” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016789, SEQ ID NO: 387) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4446-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3180-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-3180-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3180-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015058) described in SEQ ID NO: 190, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3180-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Creighton C J et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9637. Also, “hsa-mir-3180-1, hsa-mir-3180-2, and hsa-mir-3180-3” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0014214, MI0014215, and MI0014217, SEQ ID NOs: 388, 389, and 390) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-3180-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-642a-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-642a-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-642a-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0020924) described in SEQ ID NO: 191, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-642a-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Cummins J M et al., 2006, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 103, p. 3687-3692. Also, “hsa-mir-642a” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003657, SEQ ID NO: 391) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-642a-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6889-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6889-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6889-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027678) described in SEQ ID NO: 192, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6889-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6889” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022736, SEQ ID NO: 392) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6889-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-3178 gene” or “hsa-miR-3178” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3178 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015055) described in SEQ ID NO: 193, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3178 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3178” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014212, SEQ ID NO: 393) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3178”.

The term “hsa-miR-4665-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-4665-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4665-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019739) described in SEQ ID NO: 194, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4665-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4665” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017295, SEQ ID NO: 323) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4665-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6722-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-6722-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6722-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0025854) described in SEQ ID NO: 195, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6722-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Li Y et al., 2012, Gene, Vol. 497, p. 330-335. Also, “hsa-mir-6722” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022557, SEQ ID NO: 394) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6722-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-30c-1-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-30c-1-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-30c-1-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0004674) described in SEQ ID NO: 196, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-30c-1-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Lagos-Quintana M et al., 2002, Curr Biol, Vol. 12, p. 735-739. Also, “hsa-mir-30c-1” (miRBase Accession No. MI0000736, SEQ ID NO: 395) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-30c-1-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4507 gene” or “hsa-miR-4507” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4507 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019044) described in SEQ ID NO: 197, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4507 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood, Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4507” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016871, SEQ ID NO: 396) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4507”.

The term “hsa-miR-3141 gene” or “hsa-miR-3141” used herein includes the hsa-miR-3141 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0015010) described in SEQ ID NO: 198, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-3141 gene can be obtained by a method described in Stark M S et al., 2010, PLoS One, Vol. 5, e9685. Also, “hsa-mir-3141” (miRBase Accession No. MI0014165, SEQ ID NO: 397) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-3141”.

The term “hsa-miR-1199-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-1199-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-1199-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0031119) described in SEQ ID NO: 199, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-1199-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Salvi A et al., 2013, Int J Oncol, Vol. 42, p. 391-402. Also, “hsa-mir-1199” (miRBase Accession No. MI0020340, SEQ ID NO: 398) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-1199-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6794-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6794-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6794-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027488) described in SEQ ID NO: 635, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6794-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6794” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022639, SEQ ID NO: 643) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6794-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6774-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6774-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6774-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027448) described in SEQ ID NO: 636, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6774-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res, Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6774” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022619, SEQ ID NO: 644) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6774-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4707-3p gene” or “hsa-miR-4707-3p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4707-3p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019808) described in SEQ ID NO: 637, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4707-3p gene can be obtained by a method described in Persson H et al., 2011, Cancer Res, Vol. 71, p. 78-86. Also, “hsa-mir-4707” (miRBase Accession No. MI0017340, SEQ ID NO: 645) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4707-3p”.

The term “hsa-miR-4534 gene” or “hsa-miR-4534” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4534 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0019073) described in SEQ ID NO: 638, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4534 gene can be obtained by a method described in Jima D D et al., 2010, Blood., Vol. 116, e118-e127. Also, “hsa-mir-4534” (miRBase Accession No. MI0016901, SEQ ID NO: 646) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4534”.

The term “hsa-miR-4294 gene” or “hsa-miR-4294” used herein includes the hsa-miR-4294 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0016849) described in SEQ ID NO: 639, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-4294 gene can be obtained by a method described in Goff L A et al., 2009, PLoS One., Vol. 4, e7192. Also, “hsa-mir-4294” (miRBase Accession No. MI0015827, SEQ ID NO: 647) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-4294”.

The term “hsa-miR-6850-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-6850-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6850-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0027600) described in SEQ ID NO: 640, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6850-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Ladewig E et al., 2012, Genome Res., Vol. 22, p. 1634-1645. Also, “hsa-mir-6850” (miRBase Accession No. MI0022696, SEQ ID NO: 648) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-6850-5p”.

The term “hsa-miR-6089 gene” or “hsa-miR-6089” used herein includes the hsa-miR-6089 gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0023714) described in SEQ ID NO: 641, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-6089 gene can be obtained by a method described in Yoo J K et al., 2012, Stem Cells Dev, Vol. 21, p. 2049-2057. Also, “hsa-mir-6089-1 and hsa-mir-6089-2” (miRBase Accession Nos. MI0020366 and MI0023563, SEQ ID NOs: 649 and 650) having a hairpin-like structure are known as precursors of “hsa-miR-6089”.

The term “hsa-miR-671-5p gene” or “hsa-miR-671-5p” used herein includes the hsa-miR-671-5p gene (miRBase Accession No. MIMAT0003880) described in SEQ ID NO: 642, a homolog or an ortholog of a different organism species, and the like. The hsa-miR-671-5p gene can be obtained by a method described in Berezikov E et al., 2006, Genome Res, Vol. 16, p. 1289-1298. Also, “hsa-mir-671” (miRBase Accession No. MI0003760, SEQ ID NO: 651) having a hairpin-like structure is known as a precursor of “hsa-miR-671-5p”.

A mature miRNA may become a variant due to the sequence cleaved shorter or longer by one to several flanking nucleotides or due to substitution of nucleotides when cleaved as the mature miRNA from its RNA precursor having a hairpin-like structure. This variant is called isomiR (Morin R D. et al., 2008, Genome Res., Vol. 18, p. 610-621). The miRBase Release 20 shows the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 as well as a large number of the nucleotide sequence variants and fragments represented by SEQ ID NOs: 399 to 634 and 652 to 657, called isomiRs. These variants can also be obtained as miRNAs having a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642.

Specifically, among the variants of polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 4, 11, 13, 14, 18, 20, 21, 26, 29, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 82, 83, 88, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 113, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 137, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 150, 152, 153, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 637, 641 and 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t according to the present invention, examples of the longest variants registered in the miRBase Release 20 include polynucleotides represented by SEQ ID NOs: 399, 401, 403, 405, 407, 409, 411, 413, 415, 417, 419, 421, 423, 425, 427, 429, 431, 433, 435, 437, 439, 441, 443, 445, 447, 449, 451, 453, 455, 457, 459, 461, 463, 465, 467, 469, 471, 473, 475, 477, 479, 481, 483, 485, 487, 489, 491, 493, 495, 497, 499, 501, 503, 505, 507, 509, 511, 513, 515, 517, 519, 521, 523, 525, 527, 529, 531, 533, 535, 537, 539, 541, 543, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553, 555, 557, 559, 561, 563, 565, 567, 569, 571, 573, 575, 577, 579, 581, 583, 585, 587, 589, 591, 593, 595, 597, 599, 601, 603, 605, 607, 609, 611, 613, 615, 617, 619, 621, 623, 625, 627, 629, 631, 633, 652, 654 and 656, respectively.

Also, among the variants of polynucleotides consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 4, 11, 13, 14, 18, 20, 21, 26, 29, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 82, 83, 88, 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 113, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 137, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 150, 152, 153, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 637, 641 and 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t according to the present invention, examples of the shortest variants registered in the miRBase Release 20 include polynucleotides having sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 400, 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 428, 430, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454, 456, 458, 460, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508, 510, 512, 514, 516, 518, 520, 522, 524, 526, 528, 530, 532, 534, 536, 538, 540, 542, 544, 546, 548, 550, 552, 554, 556, 558, 560, 562, 564, 566, 568, 570, 572, 574, 576, 578, 580, 582, 584, 586, 588, 590, 592, 594, 596, 598, 600, 602, 604, 606, 608, 610, 612, 614, 616, 618, 620, 622, 624, 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, 653, 655 and 657, respectively. In addition to these variants and fragments, examples thereof include a large number of isomiR polynucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 registered in the miRBase. Examples of the polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 include a polynucleotide represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 200 to 398 and 643 to 651, which are their respective precursors.

The terms and miRBase Accession Nos. (registration numbers) of the genes represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 are shown in Table 1.

The term “capable of specifically binding” used herein means that the nucleic acid probe or the primer used in the present invention binds to a particular target nucleic acid and cannot substantially bind to other nucleic acids.

TABLE 1 SEQ miRBase ID NO: Gene name registration No. 1 hsa-miR-4257 MIMAT0016878 2 hsa-miR-6726-5p MIMAT0027353 3 hsa-miR-1343-3p MIMAT0019776 4 hsa-miR-1247-3p MIMAT0022721 5 hsa-miR-6787-5p MIMAT0027474 6 hsa-miR-6875-5p MIMAT0027650 7 hsa-miR-1225-3p MIMAT0005573 8 hsa-miR-8063 MIMAT0030990 9 hsa-miR-6781-5p MIMAT0027462 10 hsa-miR-4746-3p MIMAT0019881 11 hsa-miR-1908-5p MIMAT0007881 12 hsa-miR-6756-5p MIMAT0027412 13 hsa-miR-204-3p MIMAT0022693 14 hsa-miR-4651 MIMAT0019715 15 hsa-miR-6757-5p MIMAT0027414 16 hsa-miR-6825-5p MIMAT0027550 17 hsa-miR-7108-5p MIMAT0028113 18 hsa-miR-4792 MIMAT0019964 19 hsa-miR-7641 MIMAT0029782 20 hsa-miR-3188 MIMAT0015070 21 hsa-miR-3131 MIMAT0014996 22 hsa-miR-6780b-5p MIMAT0027572 23 hsa-miR-8069 MIMAT0030996 24 hsa-miR-6840-3p MTMAT0027583 25 hsa-miR-8072 MIMAT0030999 26 hsa-niiR-1233-5p MIMAT0022943 27 hsa-miR-6887-5p MIMAT0027674 28 hsa-miR-1231 MIMAT0005586 29 hsa-miR-5572 MIMAT0022260 30 hsa-miR-6738-5p MIMAT0027377 31 hsa-miR-6784-5p MIMAT0027468 32 hsa-miR-6791-5p MIMAT0027482 33 hsa-miR-6749-5p MIMAT0027398 34 hsa-miR-6741-5p MIMAT0027383 35 hsa-miR-128-1-5p MIMAT0026477 36 hsa-miR-4419b MIMAT0019034 37 hsa-miR-6746-5p MIMAT0027392 38 hsa-miR-3184-5p MIMAT0015064 39 hsa-miR-3679-5p MIMAT0018104 40 hsa-miR-7110-5p MIMAT0028117 41 hsa-miR-4516 MIMAT0019053 42 hsa-miR-6717-5p MIMAT0025846 43 hsa-miR-6826-5p MIMAT0027552 44 hsa-miR-4433b-3p MIMAT0030414 45 hsa-miR-3679-3p MIMAT0018105 46 hsa-miR-3135b MIMAT0018985 47 hsa-miR-3622a-5p MIMAT0018003 48 hsa-miR-711 MIMAT0012734 49 hsa-miR-4467 MIMAT0018994 50 hsa-miR-6857-5p MIMAT0027614 51 hsa-miR-6515-3p MIMAT0025487 52 hsa-miR-1225-5p MIMAT0005572 53 hsa-miR-187-5p MIMAT0004561 54 hsa-miR-3185 MIMAT0015065 55 hsa-miR-642b-3p MIMAT0018444 56 hsa-miR-1249 MIMAT0005901 57 hsa-miR-744-5p MIMAT0004945 58 hsa-miR-4442 MIMAT0018960 59 hsa-miR-1228-3p MIMAT0005583 60 hsa-miR-939-5p MIMAT0004982 61 hsa-miR-6845-5p MIMAT0027590 62 hsa-miR-887-3p MIMAT0004951 63 hsa-miR-7845-5p MIMAT0030420 64 hsa-miR-6729-5p MIMAT0027359 65 hsa-miR-4632-5p MIMAT0022977 66 hsa-miR-615-5p MIMAT0004804 67 hsa-miR-6724-5p MIMAT0025856 68 hsa-miR-4728-5p MIMAT0019849 69 hsa-miR-6732-5p MIMAT0027365 70 hsa-miR-6816-5p MIMAT0027532 71 hsa-miR-4695-5p MIMAT0019788 72 hsa-miR-6088 MIMAT0023713 73 hsa-miR-7975 MIMAT0031178 74 hsa-miR-3197 MIMAT0015082 75 hsa-miR-6125 MIMAT0024598 76 hsa-miR-4433-3p MIMAT0018949 77 hsa-miR-6727-5p MIMAT0027355 78 hsa-miR-4706 MIMAT0019806 79 hsa-miR-7847-3p MIMAT0030422 80 hsa-miR-6805-3p MIMAT0027511 81 hsa-miR-6766-3p MIMAT0027433 82 hsa-miR-1913 MIMAT0007888 83 hsa-miR-4649-5p MIMAT0019711 84 hsa-miR-602 MIMAT0003270 85 hsa-miR-3663-3p MIMAT0018085 86 hsa-miR-6893-5p MIMAT0027686 87 hsa-miR-6861-5p MIMAT0027623 88 hsa-miR-4449 MIMAT0018968 89 hsa-miR-6842-5p MIMAT0027586 90 hsa-miR-4454 MIMAT0018976 91 hsa-miR-5195-3p MIMAT0021127 92 hsa-miR-663b MIMAT0005867 93 hsa-miR-6765-5p MIMAT0027430 94 hsa-miR-4513 MIMAT0019050 95 hsa-miR-614 MIMAT0003282 96 hsa-miR-6785-5p MIMAT0027470 97 hsa-miR-6777-5p MIMAT0027454 98 hsa-miR-940 MIMAT0004983 99 hsa-miR-4741 MIMAT0019871 100 hsa-miR-6870-5p MIMAT0027640 101 hsa-miR-6131 MIMAT0024615 102 hsa-miR-150-3p MIMAT0004610 103 hsa-miR-4707-5p MIMAT0019807 104 hsa-miR-1915-3p MIMAT0007892 105 hsa-miR-3937 MIMAT0018352 106 hsa-miR-937-5p MIMAT0022938 107 hsa-miR-4443 MIMAT0018961 108 hsa-miR-1914-3p MIMAT0007890 109 hsa-miR-3620-5p MIMAT0022967 110 hsa-miR-1268b MIMAT0018925 111 hsa-miR-1227-5p MIMAT0022941 112 hsa-miR-6880-5p MIMAT0027660 113 hsa-miR-4417 MIMAT0018929 114 hsa-miR-6802-5p MIMAT0027504 115 hsa-miR-6769a-5p MIMAT0027438 116 hsa-miR-663a MIMAT0003326 117 hsa-miR-6721-5p MIMAT0025852 118 hsa-miR-4532 MIMAT0019071 119 hsa-miR-7977 MIMAT0031180 120 hsa-miR-92b-5p MIMAT0004792 121 hsa-miR-371a-5p MIMAT0004687 122 hsa-miR-6126 MIMAT0024599 123 hsa-miR-4734 MIMAT0019859 124 hsa-miR-4665-3p MIMAT0019740 125 hsa-miR-423-5p MIMAT0004748 126 hsa-miR-1469 MIMAT0007347 127 hsa-miR-4675 MIMAT0019757 128 hsa-miR-1915-5p MIMAT0007891 129 hsa-miR-6716-5p MIMAT0025844 130 hsa-miR-718 MIMAT0012735 131 hsa-miR-4281 MIMAT0016907 132 hsa-miR-6820-5p MIMAT0027540 133 hsa-miR-6795-5p MIMAT0027490 134 hsa-miR-6779-5p MIMAT0027458 135 hsa-miR-7109-5p MIMAT0028115 136 hsa-miR-6798-5p MIMAT0027496 137 hsa-miR-4648 MIMAT0019710 138 hsa-miR-8059 MIMAT0030986 139 hsa-miR-6765-3p MIMAT0027431 140 hsa-miR-6132 MIMAT0024616 141 hsa-miR-4492 MIMAT0019027 142 hsa-miR-7107-5p MIMAT0028111 143 hsa-miR-3195 MIMAT0015079 144 hsa-miR-3180 MIMAT0018178 145 hsa-miR-296-3p MIMAT0004679 146 hsa-miR-564 MIMAT0003228 147 hsa-miR-1268a MIMAT0005922 148 hsa-miR-6848-5p MIMAT0027596 149 hsa-miR-762 MIMAT0010313 150 hsa-miR-2861 MIMAT0013802 151 hsa-miR-1203 MIMAT0005866 152 hsa-miR-1260b MIMAT0015041 153 hsa-miR-4476 MIMAT0019003 154 hsa-miR-6885-5p MIMAT0027670 155 hsa-miR-6769b-5p MIMAT0027620 156 hsa-miR-23b-3p MIMAT0000418 157 hsa-miR-1343-5p MIMAT0027038 158 hsa-miR-3621 MIMAT0018002 159 hsa-miR-4688 MIMAT0019777 160 hsa-miR-4286 MIMAT0016916 161 hsa-miR-4640-5p MIMAT0019699 162 hsa-miR-4739 MIMAT0019868 163 hsa-miR-1260a MIMAT0005911 164 hsa-miR-4276 MIMAT0016904 165 hsa-miR-7106-5p MIMAT0028109 166 hsa-miR-128-2-5p MIMAT0031095 167 hsa-miR-125a-3p MIMAT0004602 168 hsa-miR-92a-2-5p MIMAT0004508 169 hsa-miR-486-3p MIMAT0004762 170 hsa-miR-3196 MIMAT0015080 171 hsa-miR-211-3p MIMAT0022694 172 hsa-miR-4271 MIMAT0016901 173 hsa-miR-6851-5p MIMAT0027602 174 hsa-miR-149-3p MIMAT0004609 175 hsa-miR-4667-5p MIMAT0019743 176 hsa-miR-135a-3p MIMAT0004595 177 hsa-miR-4486 MIMAT0019020 178 hsa-miR-4697-5p MIMAT0019791 179 hsa-miR-4725-3p MIMAT0019844 180 hsa-miR-6510-5p MIMAT0025476 181 hsa-miR-5001-5p MIMAT0021021 182 hsa-miR-4673 MIMAT0019755 183 hsa-miR-4466 MIMAT0018993 184 hsa-miR-23a-3p MIMAT0000078 185 hsa-miR-3656 MIMAT0018076 186 hsa-miR-6782-5p MIMAT0027464 187 hsa-miR-4689 MIMAT0019778 188 hsa-miR-451a MIMAT0001631 189 hsa-miR-4446-3p MIMAT0018965 190 hsa-miR-3180-3p MIMAT0015058 191 hsa-miR-642a-3p MIMAT0020924 192 hsa-miR-6889-5p MIMAT0027678 193 hsa-miR-3178 MIMAT0015055 194 hsa-miR-4665-5p MIMAT0019739 195 hsa-miR-6722-3p MIMAT0025854 196 hsa-miR-30c-1-3p MIMAT0004674 197 hsa-miR-4507 MIMAT0019044 198 hsa-miR-3141 MIMAT0015010 199 hsa-miR-1199-5p MIMAT0031119 200 hsa-mir-4257 MI0015856 201 hsa-mir-6726 MI0022571 202 hsa-mir-1343 MI0017320 203 hsa-mir-1247 MI0006382 204 hsa-mir-6787 MI0022632 205 hsa-mir-6875 MI0022722 206 hsa-mir-1225 MI0006311 207 hsa-mir-8063 MI0025899 208 hsa-mir-6781 MI0022626 209 hsa-mir-4746 MI0017385 210 hsa-mir-1908 MI0008329 211 hsa-mir-6756 MI0022601 212 hsa-mir-204 MI0000284 213 hsa-mir-4651 MI0017279 214 hsa-mir-6757 MI0022602 215 hsa-mir-6825 MI0022670 216 hsa-mir-7108 MI0022959 217 hsa-mir-4792 MI0017439 218 hsa-mir-7641-1 MI0024975 219 hsa-mir-7641-2 MI0024976 220 hsa-miR-3188 MI0014232 221 hsa-miR-3131 MI0014151 222 hsa-mir-6780b MI0022681 223 hsa-mir-8069 MI0025905 224 hsa-mir-6840 MI0022686 225 hsa-mir-8072 MI0025908 226 hsa-mir-1233-1 MI0006323 227 hsa-mir-1233-2 MI0015973 228 hsa-mir-6887 MI0022734 229 hsa-mir-1231 MI0006321 230 hsa-mir-5572 MI0019117 231 hsa-mir-6738 MI0022583 232 hsa-mir-6784 MI0022629 233 hsa-mir-6791 MI0022636 234 hsa-mir-6749 MI0022594 235 hsa-mir-6741 MI0022586 236 hsa-mir-128-1 MI0000447 237 hsa-mir-4419b MI0016861 238 hsa-mir-6746 MI0022591 239 hsa-mir-3184 MI0014226 240 hsa-mir-3679 MI0016080 241 hsa-mir-7110 MI0022961 242 hsa-mir-4516 MI0016882 243 hsa-mir-6717 MI0022551 244 hsa-mir-6826 MI0022671 245 hsa-mir-4433b MI0025511 246 hsa-mir-3135b MI0016809 247 hsa-mir-3622a MI0016013 248 hsa-mir-711 MI0012488 249 hsa-mir-4467 MI0016818 250 hsa-mir-6857 MI0022703 251 hsa-mir-6515 MI0022227 252 hsa-mir-187 MI0000274 253 hsa-mir-3185 MI0014227 254 hsa-mir-642b MI0016685 255 hsa-mir-1249 MI0006384 256 hsa-mir-744 MI0005559 257 hsa-mir-4442 MI0016785 258 hsa-mir-1228 MI0006318 259 hsa-mir-939 MI0005761 260 hsa-mir-6845 MI0022691 261 hsa-mir-887 MI0005562 262 hsa-mir-7845 MI0025515 263 hsa-mir-6729 MI0022574 264 hsa-mir-4632 MI0017259 265 hsa-mir-615 MI0003628 266 hsa-mir-6724 MI0022559 267 hsa-mir-4728 MI0017365 268 hsa-mir-6732 MI0022577 269 hsa-mir-6816 MI0022661 270 hsa-mir-4695 MI0017328 271 hsa-mir-6088 MI0020365 272 hsa-mir-7975 MI0025751 273 hsa-mir-3197 MI0014245 274 hsa-mir-6125 MI0021259 275 hsa-mir-4433 MI0016773 276 hsa-mir-6727 MI0022572 277 hsa-mir-4706 MI0017339 278 hsa-mir-7847 MI0025517 279 hsa-mir-6805 MI0022650 280 hsa-mir-6766 MI0022611 281 hsa-mir-1913 MI0008334 282 hsa-mir-4649 MI0017276 283 hsa-mir-602 MI0003615 284 hsa-mir-3663 MI0016064 285 hsa-mir-6893 MI0022740 286 hsa-mir-6861 MI0022708 287 hsa-mir-4449 MI0016792 288 hsa-mir-6842 MI0022688 289 hsa-mir-4454 MI0016800 290 hsa-mir-5195 MI0018174 291 hsa-mir-663b MI0006336 292 hsa-mir-6765 MI0022610 293 hsa-mir-4513 MI0016879 294 hsa-mir-614 MI0003627 295 hsa-mir-6785 MI0022630 296 hsa-mir-6777 MI0022622 297 hsa-mir-940 MI0005762 298 hsa-mir-4741 MI0017379 299 hsa-mir-6870 MI0022717 300 hsa-mir-6131 MI0021276 301 hsa-mir-150 MI0000479 302 hsa-mir-4707 MI0017340 303 hsa-mir-1915 MI0008336 304 hsa-mir-3937 MI0016593 305 hsa-mir-937 MI0005759 306 hsa-mir-4443 MI0016786 307 hsa-mir-1914 MI0008335 308 hsa-mir-3620 MI0016011 309 hsa-mir-1268b MI0016748 310 hsa-mir-1227 MI0006316 311 hsa-mir-6880 MI0022727 312 hsa-mir-4417 MI0016753 313 hsa-mir-6802 MI0022647 314 hsa-mir-6769a MI0022614 315 hsa-mir-663a MI0003672 316 hsa-mir-6721 MI0022556 317 hsa-mir-4532 MI0016899 318 hsa-mir-7977 MI0025753 319 hsa-mir-92b MI0003560 320 hsa-mir-371a MI0000779 321 hsa-mir-6126 MI0021260 322 hsa-mir-4734 MI0017371 323 hsa-mir-4665 MI0017295 324 hsa-mir-423 MI0001445 325 hsa-mir-1469 MI0007074 326 hsa-mir-4675 MI0017306 327 hsa-mir-6716 MI0022550 328 hsa-mir-718 MI0012489 329 hsa-mir-4281 MI0015885 330 hsa-mir-6820 MI0022665 331 hsa-mir-6795 MI0022640 332 hsa-mir-6779 MI0022624 333 hsa-mir-7109 MI0022960 334 hsa-mir-6798 MI0022643 335 hsa-mir-4648 MI0017275 336 hsa-mir-8059 MI0025895 337 hsa-mir-6132 MI0021277 338 hsa-mir-4492 MI0016854 339 hsa-mir-7107 MI0022958 340 hsa-mir-3195 MI0014240 341 hsa-mir-3180-4 MI0016408 342 hsa-mir-3180-5 MI0016409 343 hsa-mir-296 MI0000747 344 hsa-mir-564 MI0003570 345 hsa-mir-1268a MI0006405 346 hsa-mir-6848 MI0022694 347 hsa-mir-762 MI0003892 348 hsa-mir-2861 MI0013006 349 hsa-mir-1203 MI0006335 350 hsa-mir-1260b MI0014197 351 hsa-mir-4476 MI0016828 352 hsa-mir-6885 MI0022732 353 hsa-mir-6769b MI0022706 354 hsa-mir-23b MI0000439 355 hsa-mir-3621 MI0016012 356 hsa-mir-4688 MI0017321 357 hsa-mir-4286 MI0015894 358 hsa-mir-4640 MI0017267 359 hsa-mir-4739 MI0017377 360 hsa-mir-1260a MI0006394 361 hsa-mir-4276 MI0015882 362 hsa-mir-7106 MI0022957 363 hsa-mir-128-2 MI0000727 364 hsa-mir-125a MI0000469 365 hsa-mir-92a-2 MI0000094 366 hsa-mir-486 MI0002470 367 hsa-mir-486-2 MI0023622 368 hsa-mir-3196 MI0014241 369 hsa-mir-211 MI0000287 370 hsa-mir-4271 MI0015879 371 hsa-mir-6851 MI0022697 372 hsa-mir-149 MI0000478 373 hsa-mir-4667 MI0017297 374 hsa-mir-135a-1 MI0000452 375 hsa-mir-4486 MI0016847 376 hsa-mir-4697 MI0017330 377 hsa-mir-4725 MI0017362 378 hsa-mir-6510 MI0022222 379 hsa-mir-5001 MI0017867 380 hsa-mir-4673 MI0017304 381 hsa-mir-4466 MI0016817 382 hsa-mir-23a MI0000079 383 hsa-mir-3656 MI0016056 384 hsa-mir-6782 MI0022627 385 hsa-mir-4689 MI0017322 386 hsa-mir-451a MI0001729 387 hsa-mir-4446 MI0016789 388 hsa-mir-3180-1 MI0014214 389 hsa-mir-3180-2 MI0014215 390 hsa-mir-3180-3 MI0014217 391 hsa-mir-642a MI0003657 392 hsa-mir-6889 MI0022736 393 hsa-mir-3178 MI0014212 394 hsa-mir-6722 MI0022557 395 hsa-mir-30c-1 MI0000736 396 hsa-mir-4507 MI0016871 397 hsa-mir-3141 MI0014165 398 hsa-mir-1199 MI0020340 399 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 3 — 400 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 3 — 401 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 4 — 402 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 4 — 403 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 11 — 404 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 11 — 405 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 13 — 406 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 13 — 407 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 14 — 408 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 14 — 409 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 18 — 410 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 18 — 411 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 20 — 412 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 20 — 413 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 21 — 414 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 21 — 415 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 26 — 416 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 26 — 417 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 29 — 418 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 29 — 419 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 35 — 420 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 35 — 421 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 36 — 422 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 36 — 423 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 39 — 424 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 39 — 425 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 41 — 426 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 41 — 427 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 42 — 428 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 42 — 429 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 45 — 430 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 45 — 431 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 46 — 432 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 46 — 433 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 47 — 434 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 47 — 435 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 48 — 436 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 48 — 437 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 49 — 438 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 49 — 439 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 51 — 440 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 51 — 441 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 53 — 442 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 53 — 443 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 54 — 444 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 54 — 445 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 55 — 446 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 55 — 447 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 56 — 448 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 56 — 449 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 57 — 450 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 57 — 451 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 58 — 452 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 58 — 453 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 59 — 454 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 59 — 455 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 60 — 456 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 60 — 457 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 62 — 458 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 62 — 459 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 65 — 460 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 65 — 461 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 66 — 462 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 66 — 463 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 67 — 464 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 67 — 465 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 68 — 466 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 68 — 467 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 71 — 468 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 71 — 469 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 72 — 470 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 72 — 471 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 73 — 472 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 73 — 473 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 74 — 474 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 74 — 475 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 75 — 476 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 75 — 477 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 76 — 478 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 76 — 479 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 78 — 480 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 78 — 481 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 82 — 482 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 82 — 483 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 83 — 484 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 83 — 485 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 88 — 486 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 88 — 487 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 90 — 488 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 90 — 489 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 91 — 490 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 91 — 491 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 92 — 492 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 92 — 493 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 94 — 494 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 94 — 495 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 95 — 496 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 95 — 497 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 98 — 498 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 98 — 499 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 99 — 500 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 99 — 501 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 101 — 502 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 101 — 503 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 102 — 504 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 102 — 505 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 103 — 506 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 103 — 507 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 104 — 508 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 104 — 509 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 106 — 510 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 106 — 511 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 107 — 512 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 107 — 513 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 108 — 514 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 108 — 515 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 109 — 516 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 109 — 517 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 110 — 518 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 110 — 519 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 113 — 520 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 113 — 521 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 116 — 522 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 116 — 523 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 117 — 524 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 117 — 525 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 118 — 526 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 118 — 527 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 120 — 528 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 120 — 529 isomiR example 1 of SEQ E) NO: 121 — 530 isomiR example 2 of SEQ E) NO: 121 — 531 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 122 — 532 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 122 — 533 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 123 — 534 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 123 — 535 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 125 — 536 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 125 — 537 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 128 — 538 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 128 — 539 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 129 — 540 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 129 — 541 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 130 — 542 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 130 — 543 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 131 — 544 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 131 — 545 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 137 — 546 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 137 — 547 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 140 — 548 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 140 — 549 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 141 — 550 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 141 — 551 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 143 — 552 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 143 — 553 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 144 — 554 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 144 — 555 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 145 — 556 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 145 — 557 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 146 — 558 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 146 — 559 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 147 — 560 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 147 — 561 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 150 — 562 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 150 — 563 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 152 — 564 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 152 — 565 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 153 — 566 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 153 — 567 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 156 — 568 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 156 — 569 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 159 — 570 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 159 — 571 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 160 — 572 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 160 — 573 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 161 — 574 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 161 — 575 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 162 — 576 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 162 — 577 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 163 — 578 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 163 — 579 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 166 — 580 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 166 — 581 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 167 — 582 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 167 — 583 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 168 — 584 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 168 — 585 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 169 — 586 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 169 — 587 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 170 — 588 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 170 — 589 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 171 — 590 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 171 — 591 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 172 — 592 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 172 — 593 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 174 — 594 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 174 — 595 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 175 — 596 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 175 — 597 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 176 — 598 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 176 — 599 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 177 — 600 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 177 — 601 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 179 — 602 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 179 — 603 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 180 — 604 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 180 — 605 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 181 — 606 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 181 — 607 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 182 — 608 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 182 — 609 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 183 — 610 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 183 — 611 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 184 — 612 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 184 — 613 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 185 — 614 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 185 — 615 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 187 — 616 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 187 — 617 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 188 — 618 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 188 — 619 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 189 — 620 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 189 — 621 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 190 — 622 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 190 — 623 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 191 — 624 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 191 — 625 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 193 — 626 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 193 — 627 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 194 — 628 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 194 — 629 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 196 — 630 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 196 — 631 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 197 — 632 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 197 — 633 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 198 — 634 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 198 — 635 hsa-miR-6794-5p MIMAT0027488 636 hsa-miR-6774-5p MIMAT0027448 637 hsa-miR-4707-3p MIMAT0019808 638 hsa-miR-4534 MIMAT0019073 639 hsa-miR-4294 MIMAT0016849 640 hsa-miR-6850-5p MIMAT0027600 641 hsa-miR-6089 MIMAT0023714 642 hsa-miR-671-5p MIMAT0003880 643 hsa-mir-6794 MI0022639 644 hsa-mir-6774 MI0022619 645 hsa-mir-4707 MI0017340 646 hsa-mir-4534 MI0016901 647 hsa-mir-4294 MI0015827 648 hsa-mir-6850 MI0022696 649 hsa-mir-6089-1 MI0020366 650 hsa-mir-6089-2 MI0023563 651 hsa-mir-671 MI0003760 652 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 637 — 653 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 637 — 654 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 641 — 655 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 641 — 656 isomiR example 1 of SEQ ID NO: 642 — 657 isomiR example 2 of SEQ ID NO: 642 —

The present specification encompasses the contents described in the specifications and/or drawings of Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2014-123224 and 2015-071485 from which the present application claims priority.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

According to the present invention, stomach cancer can be detected easily and in high accuracy.

For example, the presence or absence of stomach cancer in a patient(s) can be easily detected by using, as an indicator(s), the measurement values of several miRNAs in blood, serum, and/or plasma of the patient(s), which can be collected with limited invasiveness.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 This figure shows the relationship between the nucleotide sequences of hsa-miR-1225-3p represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 and hsa-miR-1225-5p represented by SEQ ID NO: 52, which are produced from a precursor hsa-mir-1225 represented by SEQ ID NO: 206.

FIG. 2 Left diagram: the measurement values of hsa-miR-4257 (SEQ ID NO: 1) in healthy subjects (100 persons) and stomach cancer patients (34 persons) selected as a training cohort were each plotted on the ordinate. The horizontal line in the diagram depicts a threshold (6.29) that was optimized by Fisher's discriminant analysis and discriminated between the two groups. Right diagram: the measurement values of hsa-miR-4257 (SEQ ID NO: 1) in healthy subjects (50 persons) and stomach cancer patients (16 persons) selected as a validation cohort were each plotted on the ordinate. The horizontal line in the diagram depicts the threshold (6.29) that was set in the training cohort and discriminated between the two groups.

FIG. 3 Left diagram: the measurement values of hsa-miR-4257 (SEQ ID NO: 1) in healthy subjects (100 persons, circles) and stomach cancer patients (34 persons, triangles) selected as a training cohort were each plotted on the abscissa against their measurement values of hsa-miR-6726-5p (SEQ ID NO: 2) on the ordinate. The line in the diagram depicts a discriminant function (0=0.83x+y−14.78) that was optimized by Fisher's discriminant analysis and discriminated between the two groups. Right diagram: the measurement values of hsa-miR-4257 (SEQ ID NO: 1) in healthy subjects (50 persons, circles) and stomach cancer patients (16 persons, triangles) selected as a validation cohort were each plotted on the abscissa against their measurement values of hsa-miR-6726-5p (SEQ ID NO: 2) on the ordinate. The line in the diagram depicts the threshold (0=0.83x+y−14.78) that was set for the training cohort and discriminated between the two groups.

FIG. 4 Upper diagram: a discriminant (2.51×hsa-miR-6781-5p−0.63×hsa-miR-4419b+0.98×hsa-miR-940+0.63×hsa-miR-4294-0.70×hsa-miR-6769b-5p+0.85×hsa-miR-1914-3p−37.81) was prepared by use of Fisher's discriminant analysis from the measurement values of hsa-miR-6781-5p (SEQ ID NO: 9), hsa-miR-204-3p (SEQ ID NO: 13), hsa-miR-3195 (SEQ ID NO: 143), hsa-miR-6769b-5p (SEQ ID NO: 155), hsa-miR-4665-5p (SEQ ID NO: 194), and hsa-miR-4294 (SEQ ID NO: 639) in 34 stomach cancer patients, 102 healthy subjects, 63 pancreatic cancer patients, 65 bile duct cancer patients, 35 colorectal cancer patients, 32 liver cancer patients, and 17 benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients selected as a training cohort, and discriminant scores obtained from the discriminant were plotted on the ordinate against the sample groups on the abscissa. The dotted line in the diagram depicts a discriminant boundary that offered a discriminant score of 0 and discriminated between the groups. Lower diagram: discriminant scores obtained from the discriminant prepared from the training cohort as to the measurement values of hsa-miR-6781-5p (SEQ ID NO: 9), hsa-miR-204-3p (SEQ ID NO: 13), hsa-miR-3195 (SEQ ID NO: 143), hsa-miR-6769b-5p (SEQ ID NO: 155), hsa-miR-4665-5p (SEQ ID NO: 194), and hsa-miR-4294 (SEQ ID NO: 639) in 16 stomach cancer patients, 48 healthy subjects, 37 pancreatic cancer patients, 33 bile duct cancer patients, 15 colorectal cancer patients, 20 liver cancer patients, and 4 benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients selected as a validation cohort were plotted on the ordinate against the sample groups on the abscissa. The dotted line in the diagram depicts the discriminant boundary that offered a discriminant score of 0 and discriminated between both of the groups.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in detail.

1. Target Nucleic Acid for Stomach Cancer

Primary target nucleic acids as a stomach cancer marker(s) for detecting the presence and/or absence of stomach cancer or stomach cancer cells using the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) for the detection of stomach cancer defined above according to the present invention comprises at least one or more miRNAs selected from the group consisting of hsa-miR-4257, hsa-miR-6726-5p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-1247-3p, hsa-miR-6787-5p, hsa-miR-6875-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4746-3p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-6757-5p, hsa-miR-6825-5p, hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-7641, hsa-miR-3188, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, hsa-miR-8069, hsa-miR-6840-3p, hsa-miR-8072, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-6887-5p, hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-5572, hsa-miR-6738-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-6791-5p, hsa-miR-6749-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-128-1-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6746-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-7110-5p, hsa-miR-4516, hsa-miR-6717-5p, hsa-miR-6826-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3679-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3622a-5p, hsa-miR-711, hsa-miR-4467, hsa-miR-6857-5p, hsa-miR-6515-3p, hsa-miR-1225-5p, hsa-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-1249, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-4442, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-939-5p, hsa-miR-6845-5p, hsa-miR-887-3p, hsa-miR-7845-5p, hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4632-5p, hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-6724-5p, hsa-miR-4728-5p, hsa-miR-6732-5p, hsa-miR-6816-5p, hsa-miR-4695-5p, hsa-miR-6088, hsa-miR-7975, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-4433-3p, hsa-miR-6727-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6805-3p, hsa-miR-6766-3p, hsa-miR-1913, hsa-miR-4649-5p, hsa-miR-602, hsa-miR-3663-3p, hsa-miR-6893-5p, hsa-miR-6861-5p, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-6842-5p, hsa-miR-4454, hsa-miR-5195-3p, hsa-miR-663b, hsa-miR-6765-5p, hsa-miR-4513, hsa-miR-614, hsa-miR-6785-5p, hsa-miR-6777-5p, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4741, hsa-miR-6870-5p, hsa-miR-6131, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-4707-5p, hsa-miR-1915-3p, hsa-miR-3937, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-1268b, hsa-miR-1227-5p, hsa-miR-6880-5p, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6769a-5p, hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6721-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-92b-5p, hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4734, hsa-miR-4665-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-4675, hsa-miR-1915-5p, hsa-miR-6716-5p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4281, hsa-miR-6820-5p, hsa-miR-6795-5p, hsa-miR-6779-5p, hsa-miR-7109-5p, hsa-miR-6798-5p, hsa-miR-4648, hsa-miR-8059, hsa-miR-6765-3p, hsa-miR-6132, hsa-miR-4492, hsa-miR-7107-5p, hsa-miR-3195, hsa-miR-3180, hsa-miR-296-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-1268a, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-762, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-1203, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-4476, hsa-miR-6885-5p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, hsa-miR-1343-5p, hsa-miR-3621, hsa-miR-4688, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-4640-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4276, hsa-miR-7106, hsa-miR-6794-5p, hsa-miR-6774-5p, hsa-miR-4707-3p, hsa-miR-4534, hsa-miR-4294, hsa-miR-6850-5p, hsa-miR-6089 and hsa-miR-671-5p. Furthermore, at least one or more miRNAs selected from the group consisting of other stomach cancer markers that can be combined with these miRNAs, i.e., hsa-miR-128-2-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and hsa-miR-486-3p can also be preferably used as a target nucleic acid. Moreover, at least one or more miRNAs selected from the group consisting of other stomach cancer markers that can be combined with these miRNAs, i.e., hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4271, hsa-miR-6851-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-4667-5p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-4486, hsa-miR-4697-5p, hsa-miR-4725-3p, hsa-miR-6510-5p, hsa-miR-5001-5p, hsa-miR-4673, hsa-miR-4466, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-3656, hsa-miR-6782-5p, hsa-miR-4689, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4446-3p, hsa-miR-3180-3p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, hsa-miR-6889-5p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6722-3p, hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, hsa-miR-4507, hsa-miR-3141 and hsa-miR-1199-5p can also be preferably used as a target nucleic acid(s).

These miRNAs include, for example, a human gene comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 (i.e., hsa-miR-4257, hsa-miR-6726-5p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-1247-3p, hsa-miR-6787-5p, hsa-miR-6875-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4746-3p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-6757-5p, hsa-miR-6825-5p, hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-7641, hsa-miR-3188, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, hsa-miR-8069, hsa-miR-6840-3p, hsa-miR-8072, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-6887-5p, hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-5572, hsa-miR-6738-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-6791-5p, hsa-miR-6749-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-128-1-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6746-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-7110-5p, hsa-miR-4516, hsa-miR-6717-5p, hsa-miR-6826-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3679-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3622a-5p, hsa-miR-711, hsa-miR-4467, hsa-miR-6857-5p, hsa-miR-6515-3p, hsa-miR-1225-5p, hsa-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-1249, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-4442, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-939-5p, hsa-miR-6845-5p, hsa-miR-887-3p, hsa-miR-7845-5p, hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4632-5p, hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-6724-5p, hsa-miR-4728-5p, hsa-miR-6732-5p, hsa-miR-6816-5p, hsa-miR-4695-5p, hsa-miR-6088, hsa-miR-7975, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-4433-3p, hsa-miR-6727-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6805-3p, hsa-miR-6766-3p, hsa-miR-1913, hsa-miR-4649-5p, hsa-miR-602, hsa-miR-3663-3p, hsa-miR-6893-5p, hsa-miR-6861-5p, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-6842-5p, hsa-miR-4454, hsa-miR-5195-3p, hsa-miR-663b, hsa-miR-6765-5p, hsa-miR-4513, hsa-miR-614, hsa-miR-6785-5p, hsa-miR-6777-5p, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4741, hsa-miR-6870-5p, hsa-miR-6131, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-4707-5p, hsa-miR-1915-3p, hsa-miR-3937, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-1268b, hsa-miR-1227-5p, hsa-miR-6880-5p, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6769a-5p, hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6721-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-92b-5p, hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4734, hsa-miR-4665-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-4675, hsa-miR-1915-5p, hsa-miR-6716-5p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4281, hsa-miR-6820-5p, hsa-miR-6795-5p, hsa-miR-6779-5p, hsa-miR-7109-5p, hsa-miR-6798-5p, hsa-miR-4648, hsa-miR-8059, hsa-miR-6765-3p, hsa-miR-6132, hsa-miR-4492, hsa-miR-7107-5p, hsa-miR-3195, hsa-miR-3180, hsa-miR-296-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-1268a, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-762, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-1203, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-4476, hsa-miR-6885-5p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, hsa-miR-1343-5p, hsa-miR-3621, hsa-miR-4688, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-4640-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4276, hsa-miR-7106, hsa-miR-6794-5p, hsa-miR-6774-5p, hsa-miR-4707-3p, hsa-miR-4534, hsa-miR-4294, hsa-miR-6850-5p, hsa-miR-6089, hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-128-2-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, hsa-miR-486-3p, hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4271, hsa-miR-6851-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-4667-5p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-4486, hsa-miR-4697-5p, hsa-miR-4725-3p, hsa-miR-6510-5p, hsa-miR-5001-5p, hsa-miR-4673, hsa-miR-4466, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-3656, hsa-miR-6782-5p, hsa-miR-4689, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4446-3p, hsa-miR-3180-3p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, hsa-miR-6889-5p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6722-3p, hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, hsa-miR-4507, hsa-miR-3141 and hsa-miR-1199-5p, respectively), a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, and a variant or a derivative thereof. In this context, the gene, the congener, the transcript, the variant, and the derivative are as defined above.

The target nucleic acid is preferably a human gene comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657 or a transcript thereof, more preferably the transcript, i.e., a miRNA or its precursor RNA (pri-miRNA or pre-miRNA).

The first target gene is the hsa-miR-4257 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The second target gene is the hsa-miR-6726-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The third target gene is the hsa-miR-1343-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The fourth target gene is the hsa-miR-1247-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The fifth target gene is the hsa-miR-6787-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The sixth target gene is the hsa-miR-6875-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The seventh target gene is the hsa-miR-1225-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The eighth target gene is the hsa-miR-8063 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The ninth target gene is the hsa-miR-6781-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 10th target gene is the hsa-miR-4746-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 11th target gene is the hsa-miR-1908-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 12th target gene is the hsa-miR-6756-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 13th target gene is the hsa-miR-204-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 14th target gene is the hsa-miR-4651 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 15th target gene is the hsa-miR-6757-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 16th target gene is the hsa-miR-6825-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 17th target gene is the hsa-miR-7108-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 18th target gene is the hsa-miR-4792 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 19th target gene is the hsa-miR-7641 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 20th target gene is the hsa-miR-3188 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 21st target gene is the hsa-miR-3131 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 22nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6780b-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 23rd target gene is the hsa-miR-8069 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 24th target gene is the hsa-miR-6840-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 25th target gene is the hsa-miR-8072 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 26th target gene is the hsa-miR-1233-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 27th target gene is the hsa-miR-6887-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 28th target gene is the hsa-miR-1231 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 29th target gene is the hsa-miR-5572 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 30th target gene is the hsa-miR-6738-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 31st target gene is the hsa-miR-6784-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 32nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6791-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 33rd target gene is the hsa-miR-6749-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 34th target gene is the hsa-miR-6741-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 35th target gene is the hsa-miR-128-1-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 36th target gene is the hsa-miR-4419b gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 37th target gene is the hsa-miR-6746-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 38th target gene is the hsa-miR-3184-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 39th target gene is the hsa-miR-3679-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 40th target gene is the hsa-miR-7110-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 41st target gene is the hsa-miR-4516 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 42nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6717-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 43rd target gene is the hsa-miR-6826-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 44th target gene is the hsa-miR-4433b-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 45th target gene is the hsa-miR-3679-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 46th target gene is the hsa-miR-3135b gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 47th target gene is the hsa-miR-3622a-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 48th target gene is the hsa-miR-711 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 49th target gene is the hsa-miR-4467 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 50th target gene is the hsa-miR-6857-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 51st target gene is the hsa-miR-6515-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 52nd target gene is the hsa-miR-1225-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 53rd target gene is the hsa-miR-187-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 54th target gene is the hsa-miR-3185 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 55th target gene is the hsa-miR-642b-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 56th target gene is the hsa-miR-1249 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 57th target gene is the hsa-miR-744-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 58th target gene is the hsa-miR-4442 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 59th target gene is the hsa-miR-1228-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 60th target gene is the hsa-miR-939-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 61st target gene is the hsa-miR-6845-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 62nd target gene is the hsa-miR-887-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 63rd target gene is the hsa-miR-7845-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 64th target gene is the hsa-miR-6729-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 65th target gene is the hsa-miR-4632-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 66th target gene is the hsa-miR-615-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 67th target gene is the hsa-miR-6724-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 68th target gene is the hsa-miR-4728-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 69th target gene is the hsa-miR-6732-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 70th target gene is the hsa-miR-6816-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 71st target gene is the hsa-miR-4695-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 72nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6088 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 73rd target gene is the hsa-miR-7975 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 74th target gene is the hsa-miR-3197 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 75th target gene is the hsa-miR-6125 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 76th target gene is the hsa-miR-4433-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 77th target gene is the hsa-miR-6727-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 78th target gene is the hsa-miR-4706 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 79th target gene is the hsa-miR-7847-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 80th target gene is the hsa-miR-6805-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 81st target gene is the hsa-miR-6766-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 82nd target gene is the hsa-miR-1913 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 83rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4649-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 84th target gene is the hsa-miR-602 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 85th target gene is the hsa-miR-3663-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 86th target gene is the hsa-miR-6893-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 87th target gene is the hsa-miR-6861-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 88th target gene is the hsa-miR-4449 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 89th target gene is the hsa-miR-6842-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 90th target gene is the hsa-miR-4454 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 91st target gene is the hsa-miR-5195-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 92nd target gene is the hsa-miR-663b gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 93rd target gene is the hsa-miR-6765-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 94th target gene is the hsa-miR-4513 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 95th target gene is the hsa-miR-614 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 96th target gene is the hsa-miR-6785-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 97th target gene is the hsa-miR-6777-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 98th target gene is the hsa-miR-940 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 99th target gene is the hsa-miR-4741 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 100th target gene is the hsa-miR-6870-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 101st target gene is the hsa-miR-6131 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 102nd target gene is the hsa-miR-150-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 103rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4707-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 104th target gene is the hsa-miR-1915-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 105th target gene is the hsa-miR-3937 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 106th target gene is the hsa-miR-937-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 107th target gene is the hsa-miR-4443 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 108th target gene is the hsa-miR-1914-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 109th target gene is the hsa-miR-3620-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 110th target gene is the hsa-miR-1268b gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 111th target gene is the hsa-miR-1227-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 112th target gene is the hsa-miR-6880-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 113th target gene is the hsa-miR-4417 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 114th target gene is the hsa-miR-6802-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 115th target gene is the hsa-miR-6769a-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 116th target gene is the hsa-miR-663a gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 117th target gene is the hsa-miR-6721-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 118th target gene is the hsa-miR-4532 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 119th target gene is the hsa-miR-7977 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 120th target gene is the hsa-miR-92b-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 121st target gene is the hsa-miR-371a-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 122nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6126 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 123rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4734 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 124th target gene is the hsa-miR-4665-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 125th target gene is the hsa-miR-423-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 126th target gene is the hsa-miR-1469 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 127th target gene is the hsa-miR-4675 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 128th target gene is the hsa-miR-1915-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 129th target gene is the hsa-miR-6716-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 130th target gene is the hsa-miR-718 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 131st target gene is the hsa-miR-4281 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 132nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6820-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 133rd target gene is the hsa-miR-6795-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 134th target gene is the hsa-miR-6779-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 135th target gene is the hsa-miR-7109-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 136th target gene is the hsa-miR-6798-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 137th target gene is the hsa-miR-4648 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 138th target gene is the hsa-miR-8059 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 139th target gene is the hsa-miR-6765-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 140th target gene is the hsa-miR-6132 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 141st target gene is the hsa-miR-4492 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 142nd target gene is the hsa-miR-7107-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 143rd target gene is the hsa-miR-3195 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 144th target gene is the hsa-miR-3180 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 145th target gene is the hsa-miR-296-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 146th target gene is the hsa-miR-564 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 147th target gene is the hsa-miR-1268a gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 148th target gene is the hsa-miR-6848-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 149th target gene is the hsa-miR-762 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 150th target gene is the hsa-miR-2861 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 151st target gene is the hsa-miR-1203 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 152nd target gene is the hsa-miR-1260b gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 153rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4476 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 154th target gene is the hsa-miR-6885-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 155th target gene is the hsa-miR-6769b-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 156th target gene is the hsa-miR-23b-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 157th target gene is the hsa-miR-1343-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 158th target gene is the hsa-miR-3621 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 159th target gene is the hsa-miR-4688 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 160th target gene is the hsa-miR-4286 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 161st target gene is the hsa-miR-4640-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 162nd target gene is the hsa-miR-4739 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 163rd target gene is the hsa-miR-1260a gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 164th target gene is the hsa-miR-4276 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 165th target gene is the hsa-miR-7106-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 166th target gene is the hsa-miR-128-2-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the hsa-miR-128b (hsa-miR-128-2-3p) gene, which is derived from the same precursor, or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 2).

The 167th target gene is the hsa-miR-125a-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 1).

The 168th target gene is the hsa-miR-92a-2-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the hsa-miR-92-2 (hsa-miR-92a-2-3p) gene, which is derived from the same precursor, or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 2).

The 169th target gene is the hsa-miR-486-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the hsa-miR-486-5p gene, which is derived from the same precursor, or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 3).

The 170th target gene is the hsa-miR-3196 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 171st target gene is the hsa-miR-211-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the hsa-miR-211 (hsa-miR-211-5p) gene, which is derived from the same precursor, or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 2).

The 172nd target gene is the hsa-miR-4271 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 173rd target gene is the hsa-miR-6851-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 174th target gene is the hsa-miR-149-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 175th target gene is the hsa-miR-4667-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 176th target gene is the hsa-miR-135a-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 177th target gene is the hsa-miR-4486 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 178th target gene is the hsa-miR-4697-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 179th target gene is the hsa-miR-4725-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 180th target gene is the hsa-miR-6510-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 181st target gene is the hsa-miR-5001-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 182nd target gene is the hsa-miR-4673 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 183rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4466 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 184th target gene is the hsa-miR-23a-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 2).

The 185th target gene is the hsa-miR-3656 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 186th target gene is the hsa-miR-6782-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 187th target gene is the hsa-miR-4689 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 188th target gene is the hsa-miR-451a gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 3).

The 189th target gene is the hsa-miR-4446-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 190th target gene is the hsa-miR-3180-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 191st target gene is the hsa-miR-642a-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 192nd target gene is the hsa-miR-6889-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 193rd target gene is the hsa-miR-3178 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 194th target gene is the hsa-miR-4665-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 195th target gene is the hsa-miR-6722-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 196th target gene is the hsa-miR-30c-1-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. The previously known report shows that change in the expression of the hsa-miR-30c (hsa-miR-30c-1-5p) gene, which is derived from the same precursor, or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer (Patent Literature 2).

The 197th target gene is the hsa-miR-4507 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 198th target gene is the hsa-miR-3141 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 199th target gene is the hsa-miR-1199-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 200th target gene is the hsa-miR-6794-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 201st target gene is the hsa-miR-6774-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 202nd target gene is the hsa-miR-4707-3p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 203rd target gene is the hsa-miR-4534 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 204th target gene is the hsa-miR-4294 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 205th target gene is the hsa-miR-6850-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 206th target gene is the hsa-miR-6089 gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

The 207th target gene is the hsa-miR-671-5p gene, a congener thereof, a transcript thereof, or a variant or a derivative thereof. None of the previously known reports show that change in the expression of the gene or the transcript thereof can serve as a marker for stomach cancer.

2. Nucleic Acid Probe or Primer for Detection of Stomach Cancer

In the present invention, a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to any of the target nucleic acid(s) as the stomach cancer marker(s) described above can be used as a nucleic acid(s), for example, a nucleic acid probe(s) or a primer(s), for the detection or diagnosis of stomach cancer.

In the present invention, the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used for detecting stomach cancer or for diagnosing stomach cancer enables qualitative and/or quantitative measurement of the presence, expression level, or abundance of any of the target nucleic acids as the stomach cancer markers described above, for example: human-derived hsa-miR-4257, hsa-miR-6726-5p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-1247-3p, hsa-miR-6787-5p, hsa-miR-6875-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4746-3p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-6757-5p, hsa-miR-6825-5p, hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-7641, hsa-miR-3188, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, hsa-miR-8069, hsa-miR-6840-3p, hsa-miR-8072, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-6887-5p, hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-5572, hsa-miR-6738-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-6791-5p, hsa-miR-6749-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-128-1-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6746-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-7110-5p, hsa-miR-4516, hsa-miR-6717-5p, hsa-miR-6826-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3679-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3622a-5p, hsa-miR-711, hsa-miR-4467, hsa-miR-6857-5p, hsa-miR-6515-3p, hsa-miR-1225-5p, hsa-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-1249, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-4442, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-939-5p, hsa-miR-6845-5p, hsa-miR-887-3p, hsa-miR-7845-5p, hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4632-5p, hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-6724-5p, hsa-miR-4728-5p, hsa-miR-6732-5p, hsa-miR-6816-5p, hsa-miR-4695-5p, hsa-miR-6088, hsa-miR-7975, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-4433-3p, hsa-miR-6727-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6805-3p, hsa-miR-6766-3p, hsa-miR-1913, hsa-miR-4649-5p, hsa-miR-602, hsa-miR-3663-3p, hsa-miR-6893-5p, hsa-miR-6861-5p, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-6842-5p, hsa-miR-4454, hsa-miR-5195-3p, hsa-miR-663b, hsa-miR-6765-5p, hsa-miR-4513, hsa-miR-614, hsa-miR-6785-5p, hsa-miR-6777-5p, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4741, hsa-miR-6870-5p, hsa-miR-6131, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-4707-5p, hsa-miR-1915-3p, hsa-miR-3937, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-1268b, hsa-miR-1227-5p, hsa-miR-6880-5p, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6769a-5p, hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6721-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-92b-5p, hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4734, hsa-miR-4665-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-4675, hsa-miR-1915-5p, hsa-miR-6716-5p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4281, hsa-miR-6820-5p, hsa-miR-6795-5p, hsa-miR-6779-5p, hsa-miR-7109-5p, hsa-miR-6798-5p, hsa-miR-4648, hsa-miR-8059, hsa-miR-6765-3p, hsa-miR-6132, hsa-miR-4492, hsa-miR-7107-5p, hsa-miR-3195, hsa-miR-3180, hsa-miR-296-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-1268a, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-762, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-1203, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-4476, hsa-miR-6885-5p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, hsa-miR-1343-5p, hsa-miR-3621, hsa-miR-4688, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-4640-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4276, hsa-miR-7106, hsa-miR-6794-5p, hsa-miR-6774-5p, hsa-miR-4707-3p, hsa-miR-4534, hsa-miR-4294, hsa-miR-6850-5p, hsa-miR-6089 and hsa-miR-671-5p or a combination thereof, congeners thereof, transcripts thereof, or variants or derivatives thereof; and, optionally combined therewith, hsa-miR-128-2-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and hsa-miR-486-3p or a combination thereof, congeners thereof, transcripts thereof, or variants or derivatives thereof; and, optionally combined therewith, hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4271, hsa-miR-6851-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-4667-5p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-4486, hsa-miR-4697-5p, hsa-miR-4725-3p, hsa-miR-6510-5p, hsa-miR-5001-5p, hsa-miR-4673, hsa-miR-4466, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-3656, hsa-miR-6782-5p, hsa-miR-4689, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4446-3p, hsa-miR-3180-3p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, hsa-miR-6889-5p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6722-3p, hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, hsa-miR-4507, hsa-miR-3141 and hsa-miR-1199-5p or a combination thereof, congeners thereof, transcripts thereof, or variants or derivatives thereof.

The expression level of each target nucleic acid described above is increased or decreased (hereinafter, referred to as “increased/decreased”) depending on the type of the target nucleic acid in a subject having stomach cancer as compared with a healthy subject. Hence, the nucleic acid of the present invention can be effectively used for measuring the expression level of the target nucleic acid described above in a body fluid derived from a subject (e.g., a human) suspected of having stomach cancer and a body fluid derived from a healthy subject and thereby detecting stomach cancer by the comparison thereof.

The nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention is a nucleic acid probe(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642, or a primer for amplifying at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642.

The nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention may further comprise a nucleic acid probe capable of specifically binding to at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169, or a primer for amplifying at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169.

The nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention may further comprise a nucleic acid probe capable of specifically binding to at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199, or a primer for amplifying at least one polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199.

Specifically, these nucleic acid probes or primers comprise a combination of one or more polynucleotides selected from a group of polynucleotides comprising nucleotide sequences represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 657, or nucleotide sequences derived from the nucleotide sequences by the replacement of u with t, and a group of complementary polynucleotides thereof, a group of polynucleotides respectively hybridizing under stringent conditions (mentioned later) to DNAs consisting of nucleotide sequences complementary to these nucleotide sequences, and a group of complementary polynucleotides thereof, and a group of polynucleotides comprising 15 or more, preferably 17 or more consecutive nucleotides in the nucleotide sequences of these polynucleotide groups. These polynucleotides can be used as nucleic acid probes and primers for detecting the stomach cancer markers as target nucleic acids.

More specifically, examples of the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention include one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):

-   -   (a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a         nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the         replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative         thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides,     -   (b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642,     -   (c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642, or a nucleotide sequence         derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u         with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment         thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642, or a nucleotide sequence         derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u         with t, and     -   (e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d).

In addition to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the polynucleotides (a) to (e), the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention may further comprise polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):

-   -   (f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169,     -   (h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i).

In addition to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of the polynucleotides (a) to (j), the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) that can be used in the present invention may further comprise polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):

-   -   (k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199,     -   (m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n).

For the above-mentioned polynucleotides, the “fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides” can comprise, but not limited to, the number of nucleotides in the range from, for example, 15 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, from 17 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, or from 19 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, or the like, in the nucleotide sequence of each polynucleotide.

These polynucleotides or fragments thereof used in the present invention may each be DNA or may each be RNA.

The polynucleotides that can be used in the present invention can each be prepared by use of a general technique such as a DNA recombination technique, PCR, or a method using an automatic DNA/RNA synthesizer.

The DNA recombination technique and the PCR method may employ a technique described in, for example, Ausubel et al., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Willey & Sons, US (1993); and Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning—A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, US (1989).

The human-derived hsa-miR-4257, hsa-miR-6726-5p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-1247-3p, hsa-miR-6787-5p, hsa-miR-6875-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4746-3p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-6757-5p, hsa-miR-6825-5p, hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-7641, hsa-miR-3188, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, hsa-miR-8069, hsa-miR-6840-3p, hsa-miR-8072, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-6887-5p, hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-5572, hsa-miR-6738-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-6791-5p, hsa-miR-6749-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-128-1-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6746-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-7110-5p, hsa-miR-4516, hsa-miR-6717-5p, hsa-miR-6826-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3679-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3622a-5p, hsa-miR-711, hsa-miR-4467, hsa-miR-6857-5p, hsa-miR-6515-3p, hsa-miR-1225-5p, hsa-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-1249, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-4442, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-939-5p, hsa-miR-6845-5p, hsa-miR-887-3p, hsa-miR-7845-5p, hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4632-5p, hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-6724-5p, hsa-miR-4728-5p, hsa-miR-6732-5p, hsa-miR-6816-5p, hsa-miR-4695-5p, hsa-miR-6088, hsa-miR-7975, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-4433-3p, hsa-miR-6727-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6805-3p, hsa-miR-6766-3p, hsa-miR-1913, hsa-miR-4649-5p, hsa-miR-602, hsa-miR-3663-3p, hsa-miR-6893-5p, hsa-miR-6861-5p, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-6842-5p, hsa-miR-4454, hsa-miR-5195-3p, hsa-miR-663b, hsa-miR-6765-5p, hsa-miR-4513, hsa-miR-614, hsa-miR-6785-5p, hsa-miR-6777-5p, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4741, hsa-miR-6870-5p, hsa-miR-6131, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-4707-5p, hsa-miR-1915-3p, hsa-miR-3937, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-1268b, hsa-miR-1227-5p, hsa-miR-6880-5p, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6769a-5p, hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6721-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-92b-5p, hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4734, hsa-miR-4665-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-4675, hsa-miR-1915-5p, hsa-miR-6716-5p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4281, hsa-miR-6820-5p, hsa-miR-6795-5p, hsa-miR-6779-5p, hsa-miR-7109-5p, hsa-miR-6798-5p, hsa-miR-4648, hsa-miR-8059, hsa-miR-6765-3p, hsa-miR-6132, hsa-miR-4492, hsa-miR-7107-5p, hsa-miR-3195, hsa-miR-3180, hsa-miR-296-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-1268a, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-762, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-1203, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-4476, hsa-miR-6885-5p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, hsa-miR-1343-5p, hsa-miR-3621, hsa-miR-4688, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-4640-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4276, hsa-miR-7106, hsa-miR-6794-5p, hsa-miR-6774-5p, hsa-miR-4707-3p, hsa-miR-4534, hsa-miR-4294, hsa-miR-6850-5p, hsa-miR-6089 and hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-128-2-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, hsa-miR-486-3p, hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4271, hsa-miR-6851-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-4667-5p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-4486, hsa-miR-4697-5p, hsa-miR-4725-3p, hsa-miR-6510-5p, hsa-miR-5001-5p, hsa-miR-4673, hsa-miR-4466, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-3656, hsa-miR-6782-5p, hsa-miR-4689, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4446-3p, hsa-miR-3180-3p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, hsa-miR-6889-5p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6722-3p, hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, hsa-miR-4507, hsa-miR-3141 and hsa-miR-1199-5p represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 are known in the art, and their acquisition methods are also known as mentioned above. Therefore, each polynucleotide that can be used as a nucleic acid probe(s) or a primer(s) in the present invention can be prepared by cloning the gene.

Such a nucleic acid probe(s) or a primer(s) can be chemically synthesized using an automatic DNA synthesizer. In general, a phosphoramidite method is used in this synthesis, and single-stranded DNA up to approximately 100 nucleotides can be automatically synthesized by this method. The automatic DNA synthesizer is commercially available from, for example, Polygen GmbH, ABI, or Applied Biosystems, Inc.

Alternatively, the polynucleotide of the present invention can also be prepared by a cDNA cloning method. The cDNA cloning technique may employ, for example, microRNA Cloning Kit Wako.

In this context, the sequences of the nucleic acid probe(s) and the primer(s) for detecting the polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 do not exist as miRNAs or precursors thereof in the living body or in vivo. For example, the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 52 are produced from the precursor represented by SEQ ID NO: 206. This precursor has a hairpin-like structure as shown in FIG. 1 , and the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 52 have mismatch sequences with each other. As such, a nucleotide sequence completely complementary to the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 52 is not naturally produced in vivo. Therefore, the nucleic acid probe and the primer for detecting the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 each have an artificial nucleotide sequence that does not exist in the living body or in vivo.

3. Kit or Device for Detection of Stomach Cancer

The present invention also provides a kit or a device for the detection of stomach cancer, comprising one or more polynucleotides (which may include a variant, a fragment, or a derivative thereof; hereinafter, also referred to as a polynucleotide for detection) that can be used as a nucleic acid probe(s) or a primer(s) in the present invention for measuring a target nucleic acid(s) as a stomach cancer marker(s).

The target nucleic acid(s) as a stomach cancer marker(s) according to the present invention is selected from the following group 1:

-   -   miR-4257, miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p,         miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p,         miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p,         miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188,         miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072,         miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p,         miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p,         miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p,         miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p,         miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467,         miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185,         miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p,         miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p,         miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p,         miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197,         miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p,         miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602,         miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p,         miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614,         miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p,         miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937,         miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b,         miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p,         miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p,         miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p,         miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p, miR-718, miR-4281,         miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p,         miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492,         miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a,         miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476,         miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621,         miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276,         miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534,         miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p.

Additional target nucleic acid(s) that may be optionally used in the measurement is preferably selected from the following group 2: miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p. Additional target nucleic acid(s) that may be optionally further used in the measurement is preferably selected from the following group 3: miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p.

The kit or the device of the present invention comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to any of the target nucleic acids as the stomach cancer markers described above, preferably one or more polynucleotides selected from the nucleic acid probes or the primers described in the preceding Section 2, specifically, the polynucleotides described in the preceding Section 2 or variant(s) thereof.

Specifically, the kit or the device of the present invention can comprise at least one or more polynucleotides comprising (or consisting of) a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, polynucleotide(s) comprising (or consisting of) a complementary sequence thereof, polynucleotide(s) hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, or variant(s) or fragment(s) comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides of any of these polynucleotide sequences.

The kit or the device of the present invention can further comprise one or more polynucleotides comprising (or consisting of) a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, polynucleotide(s) comprising (or consisting of) a complementary sequence thereof, polynucleotide(s) hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, variant(s) or fragment(s) comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides of any of these polynucleotide sequences.

The kit or the device of the present invention can further comprise one or more polynucleotides comprising (or consisting of) a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, polynucleotide(s) comprising (or consisting of) a complementary sequence thereof, polynucleotide(s) hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, variant(s) or fragment(s) comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides of any of these polynucleotide sequences.

The fragment(s) that can be contained in the kit or the device of the present invention is, for example, one or more, preferably two or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (1) to (3):

-   -   (1) a polynucleotide comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides that are from a nucleotide sequence derived from a         nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165         and 635 to 642 by the replacement of u with t, or a         complementary sequence thereof;     -   (2) a polynucleotide comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides that are from a nucleotide sequence derived from a         nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169         by the replacement of u with t, or a complementary sequence         thereof; and     -   (3) a polynucleotide comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides that are from a nucleotide sequence derived from a         nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199         by the replacement of u with t, or a complementary sequence         thereof.

In a preferred embodiment, the polynucleotide is a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a polynucleotide consisting of a complementary sequence thereof, a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, or a variant thereof comprising 15 or more, preferably 17 or more, more preferably 19 or more consecutive nucleotides.

In a preferred embodiment, the polynucleotide is a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a polynucleotide consisting of a complementary sequence thereof, a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, or a variant thereof comprising 15 or more, preferably 17 or more, more preferably 19 or more consecutive nucleotides.

In a preferred embodiment, the polynucleotide is a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a polynucleotide consisting of a complementary sequence thereof, a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of these polynucleotides, or a variant thereof comprising 15 or more, preferably 17 or more, more preferably 19 or more consecutive nucleotides.

In a preferred embodiment, the fragment can be a polynucleotide comprising 15 or more, preferably 17 or more, more preferably 19 or more consecutive nucleotides.

In the present invention, the size of the polynucleotide fragment is the number of nucleotides in the range from, for example, 15 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, from 17 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, or from 19 consecutive nucleotides to less than the total number of nucleotides of the sequence, in the nucleotide sequence of each polynucleotide.

Specific examples of the aforementioned polynucleotide combination as target nucleic acids for the kit or the device of the present invention can include combinations of the polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs shown in Table 1 (SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642 corresponding to the miRNA markers in Table 1). However, these are given merely for illustrative purposes, and all of various other possible combinations are included in the present invention.

The combination of the target nucleic acids for the kit or the device for discriminating a stomach cancer patient from a healthy subject according to the present invention is desirably, for example, a combination of two or more polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs shown in Table 1. Usually, a combination of two of these polynucleotides can produce adequate performance.

The specific combination of two polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences or the complementary sequences thereof for discriminating a stomach cancer patient from a healthy subject is preferably a combination comprising at least one or more of the newly found polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642, among the combinations of two of the aforementioned polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 199 and 635 to 642.

The combination of polynucleotides with cancer type specificity capable of discriminating a stomach cancer patient not only from a healthy subject but also from other cancer patients is preferably, for example, a combination of multiple polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 13, 21, 27, 34, 36, 66, 75, 95, 98, 108, 130, 135, 143, 155, 183, 185, 187, 191, 193, 194, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641 and 642 (hereinafter, this group is referred to as “cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1”), with any of the polynucleotides of the other SEQ ID NOs.

The combination of polynucleotides with cancer type specificity capable of discriminating a stomach cancer patient not only from a healthy subject but also from other cancer patients is more preferably a combination of multiple polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1.

The combination of polynucleotides with cancer type specificity capable of discriminating a stomach cancer patient not only from a healthy subject but also from other cancer patients is more preferably a combination comprising at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 34, 36, 98, and 155 (hereinafter, this group is referred to as “cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 2”) included in the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1, among the combinations of multiple polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1.

The number of the polynucleotides with cancer type specificity may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more in the combination and is more preferably 6 or more in the combination. Usually, the combination of 6 of these polynucleotides can produce adequate performance.

Non-limiting examples of the combination of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof with polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs of five polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 or complementary sequences thereof are listed below.

-   -   (1) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 36, 98, 130, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-718, and hsa-miR-4707-3p);     -   (2) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 34, 36, 98, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6741-5p,         hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-4707-3p);     -   (3) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 34, 36, 98, and 155         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6741-5p,         hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-6769b-5p);     -   (4) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 36, 75, 98, 155, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6125,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, and hsa-miR-6794-5p); and     -   (5) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 36, 98, 108, and 155         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-1914-3p, and hsa-miR-6769b-5p).

Non-limiting examples of the combination of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof with polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs of five polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 or complementary sequences thereof are further listed.

-   -   (1) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 34, 36, 143, 155, 187, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-3195,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-4689, and hsa-miR-6794-5p);     -   (2) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 34, 36, 66, 98, and 187         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-4689);     -   (3) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 34, 36, 98, 187, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4689, and hsa-miR-4707-3p);     -   (4) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 34, 36, 98, 185, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-3656, and hsa-miR-4707-3p); and     -   (5) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 34, 36, 98, 637, and 639         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4707-3p, and hsa-miR-4294).

Non-limiting examples of the combination of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof with polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs of five polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 or complementary sequences thereof are further listed.

-   -   (1) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 108, 638, and 639         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-4534, and hsa-miR-4294);     -   (2) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 98, 155, 194, 635, and 642         (markers: hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-6769b-5p,         hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6794-5p, and hsa-miR-671-5p);     -   (3) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 34, 36, 75, 98, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-4419b,         hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-4707-3p);     -   (4) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 36, 98, 155, 185, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-3656, and hsa-miR-6794-5p); and     -   (5) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 108, 155, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, and hsa-miR-6794-5p).

Non-limiting examples of the combination of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof with polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs of five polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 or complementary sequences thereof are further listed.

-   -   (1) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 130, 194, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4665-5p, and hsa-miR-4707-3p);     -   (2) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 36, 98, 108, 155, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, and hsa-miR-6794-5p);     -   (3) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 108, 155, and 639         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, and hsa-miR-4294);     -   (4) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 155, 187, and 639         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-4689, and hsa-miR-4294); and     -   (5) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 98, 155, 187, and 637         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-4689, and hsa-miR-4707-3p).

Non-limiting examples of the combination of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof with polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs of five polynucleotides selected from the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 or complementary sequences thereof are further listed.

-   -   (1) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 36, 75, 98, 155, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6125,         hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, and hsa-miR-6794-5p);     -   (2) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 98, 130, 155, 185, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-718,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-3656, and hsa-miR-6794-5p);     -   (3) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 13, 143, 155, 194, and 639         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-3195,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-4665-5p, and hsa-miR-4294);     -   (4) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 9, 13, 34, 36, 98, and 155         (markers: hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-6741-5p,         hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, and hsa-miR-6769b-5p); and     -   (5) a combination of SEQ ID NOs: 36, 98, 108, 155, 193, and 635         (markers: hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-1914-3p,         hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-3178, and hsa-miR-6794-5p).

The kit or the device of the present invention can also comprise a polynucleotide(s) that is already known or that will be found in the future, to enable detection of stomach cancer, in addition to the polynucleotide(s) (which may include a variant(s), a fragment(s), and a derivative(s)) as described above according to the present invention.

The kit of the present invention can also comprise an antibody for measuring a marker(s) for stomach cancer examination known in the art, such as CEA, or CA19-9, in addition to the polynucleotide(s) according to the present invention as described above, and a variant(s) thereof or a fragment(s) thereof.

These polynucleotides contained in the kit of the present invention may be packaged in different containers either individually or in any combination.

The kit of the present invention may comprise a kit for extracting a nucleic acid(s) (e.g., total RNA) from body fluids, cells, or tissues, a fluorescent material for labeling, an enzyme and a medium for nucleic acid amplification, an instruction manual, etc.

The device of the present invention is a device for cancer marker measurement in which nucleic acids such as the polynucleotides according to the present invention described above are bonded or attached to, for example, a solid phase. Examples of the material for the solid phase include plastics, paper, glass, and silicon. The material for the solid phase is preferably a plastic from the viewpoint of easy processability. The solid phase has any shape and is, for example, square, round, reed-shaped, or film-shaped. The device of the present invention includes, for example, a device for measurement by a hybridization technique. Specific examples thereof include blotting devices and nucleic acid arrays (e.g., microarrays, DNA chips, and RNA chips).

The nucleic acid array technique is a technique which involves bonding or attaching the nucleic acids one by one by use of a method [e.g., a method of spotting the nucleic acids using a high-density dispenser called spotter or arrayer onto the surface of the solid phase surface-treated, if necessary, by coating with L-lysine or the introduction of a functional group such as an amino group or a carboxyl group, a method of spraying the nucleic acids onto the solid phase using an inkjet which injects very small liquid droplets by a piezoelectric element or the like from a nozzle, or a method of sequentially synthesizing nucleotides on the solid phase] to prepare an array such as a chip and measuring target nucleic acids through the use of hybridization using this array.

The kit or the device of the present invention comprises nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to the polynucleotides of at least one or more, preferably at least two or more, more preferably at least three or more, most preferably at least five or more to all of the stomach cancer marker miRNAs, respectively, of the group 1 described above. The kit or the device of the present invention can optionally further comprise nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to the polynucleotides of at least one or more, preferably at least two or more, more preferably at least three or more, most preferably at least five or more to all of the stomach cancer marker miRNAs, respectively, of the group 2 described above. The kit or the device of the present invention can optionally further comprise nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to the polynucleotides of at least one or more, preferably at least two or more, more preferably at least three or more, most preferably at least five or more to all of the stomach cancer marker miRNAs, respectively, of the group 3 described above.

The kit or the device of the present invention can be used for detecting stomach cancer as described in the Section 4 below.

4. Method for Detecting Stomach Cancer

The present invention further provides a method for detecting stomach cancer, comprising using the kit or the device of the present invention (comprising the nucleic acid(s) that can be used in the present invention) described in the preceding Section 3 above to measure an expression level(s) of one or more stomach cancer-derived genes represented by: an expression level(s) of stomach cancer-derived gene(s) selected from the following group: miR-4257, miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p, miR-718, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p; and optionally an expression level(s) of stomach cancer-derived gene(s) selected from the following group: miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p; and optionally an expression level(s) of stomach cancer-derived gene(s) selected from the following group: miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p in a sample in vitro, further comparing, for example, the expression level(s) of the gene(s) in the sample (e.g., blood, serum, or plasma) collected from a subject suspected of having stomach cancer with a control expression level in the sample collected from a healthy subject (including a non-stomach cancer patient), and evaluating the subject as having stomach cancer when the expression level of the target nucleic acid is statistically significantly different between the samples.

This method of the present invention enables a limitedly invasive, early diagnosis of cancer with high sensitivity and specificity and thereby brings about early treatment and improved prognosis. In addition, exacerbation of the disease or the effectiveness of surgical, radiotherapeutic, and chemotherapeutic treatments can be monitored.

The method for extracting the stomach cancer-derived gene(s) from the sample such as blood, serum, or plasma according to the present invention is particularly preferably prepared by the addition of a reagent for RNA extraction in 3D-Gene™ RNA extraction reagent from liquid sample kit (Toray Industries, Inc.). A general acidic phenol method (acid guanidinium-phenol-chloroform (AGPC)) may be used, or Trizol™ (Life Technologies Corp.) may be used. The stomach cancer-derived gene(s) may be prepared by the addition of a reagent for RNA extraction containing acidic phenol, such as Trizol (Life Technologies Corp.) or Isogen (Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.). Alternatively, a kit such as miRNeasy™ Mini Kit (Qiagen N.V.) may be used, though the method is not limited thereto.

The present invention also provides use of the kit or the device of the present invention for detecting in vitro an expression product(s) of a stomach cancer-derived miRNA gene(s) in a sample derived from a subject.

In the method of the present invention, the kit or the device described above comprises a single polynucleotide or any possible combination of polynucleotides that can be used in the present invention as described above.

In the detection or (genetic) diagnosis of stomach cancer according to the present invention, each polynucleotide contained in the kit or the device of the present invention can be used as a probe or a primer. In the case of using the polynucleotide as a primer, TaqMan™ MicroRNA Assays from Life Technologies Corp., miScript PCR System from Qiagen N.V., or the like can be used, though the method is not limited thereto.

The polynucleotide contained in the kit or the device of the present invention can be used as a primer or a probe according to a routine method in a method known in the art for specifically detecting the particular gene, for example, a hybridization technique such as Northern blot, Southern blot, in situ hybridization, Northern hybridization, or Southern hybridization, or a quantitative amplification technique such as quantitative RT-PCR. A body fluid such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine from a subject is collected as a sample to be assayed according to the type of the detection method used. Alternatively, total RNA prepared from such a body fluid by the method described above may be used, and various polynucleotides including cDNA prepared on the basis of the RNA may be used.

The kit or the device of the present invention is useful for the diagnosis of stomach cancer or the detection of the presence or absence of stomach cancer. Specifically, the detection of stomach cancer using the kit or the device can be performed by detecting in vitro an expression level(s) of a gene(s) using the nucleic acid probe(s) or the primer(s) contained in the kit or the device in a sample such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine from a subject suspected of having stomach cancer. The subject suspected of having stomach cancer can be evaluated as having stomach cancer when the expression level(s) of a target miRNA marker(s) measured using polynucleotide(s) (including a variant(s), a fragment(s), and a derivative(s) thereof) consisting of a nucleotide sequence(s) represented by at least one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a complementary sequence(s) thereof, optionally a nucleotide sequence(s) represented by one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a complementary sequence(s) thereof, and optionally a nucleotide sequence(s) represented by one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a complementary sequence(s) thereof in the sample such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine of the subject is statistically significantly different from the expression level(s) thereof in the sample such as blood, serum, or plasma, or urine of a healthy subject.

The method of the present invention can be combined with gastric X-ray examination and gastroscopy as well as a diagnostic imaging method such as CT, PET, or MRI. The method of the present invention is capable of specifically detecting stomach cancer and can substantially discriminate stomach cancer from other cancers.

The method for detecting the absence of an expression product(s) of a stomach cancer-derived gene(s) or the presence of the expression product(s) of a stomach cancer-derived gene(s) in a sample using the kit or the device of the present invention comprises collecting a body fluid such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine of a subject, and measuring the expression level(s) of the target gene(s) contained therein using one or more polynucleotide(s) (including a variant(s), a fragment(s), and a derivative(s)) selected from the polynucleotide group of the present invention, to evaluate the presence or absence of stomach cancer or to detect stomach cancer. Using the method for detecting stomach cancer according to the present invention, for example, the presence or absence of amelioration of the disease or the degree of amelioration thereof in a stomach cancer patient to whom a therapeutic drug for the amelioration of the disease is administered can be also evaluated or diagnosed.

The method of the present invention can comprise, for example, the following steps (a), (b), and (c):

-   -   (a) contacting a sample derived from a subject with a         polynucleotide(s) in the kit or the device of the present         invention in vitro;     -   (b) measuring an expression level(s) of the target nucleic         acid(s) in the sample using the polynucleotide(s) as a nucleic         acid probe(s) or a primer(s); and     -   (c) evaluating the presence or absence of stomach cancer (cells)         in the subject on the basis of the result in the step (b).

Specifically, the present invention provides a method for detecting stomach cancer, comprising measuring an expression level(s) of a target nucleic acid(s) in a sample of a subject using a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more (preferably at least two or more) polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of miR-4257, miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p, miR-718, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p and evaluating in vitro whether or not the subject has stomach cancer using the measured expression level(s) and a control expression level(s) of a healthy subject measured in the same way as above.

The term “evaluation” used herein is evaluation support based on results of in vitro examination, not physician's judgment.

As described above, as for the target nucleic acids in a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, specifically, miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p is hsa-miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p is hsa-miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p is hsa-miR-204-3p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-1231 is hsa-miR-1231, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b is hsa-miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p is hsa-miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p is hsa-miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p is hsa-miR-3622a-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p is hsa-miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-744-5p is hsa-miR-744-5p, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p is hsa-miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p is hsa-miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4706 is hsa-miR-4706, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p is hsa-miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p is hsa-miR-6766-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-602 is hsa-miR-602, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p is hsa-miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p is hsa-miR-6861-5p, miR-4449 is hsa-miR-4449, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-4513 is hsa-miR-4513, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p is hsa-miR-6777-5p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-4741 is hsa-miR-4741, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-150-3p is hsa-miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p is hsa-miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-3937 is hsa-miR-3937, miR-937-5p is hsa-miR-937-5p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p is hsa-miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-6802-5p is hsa-miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p is hsa-miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4734 is hsa-miR-4734, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p is hsa-miR-423-5p, miR-1469 is hsa-miR-1469, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-6716-5p is hsa-miR-6716-5p, miR-718 is hsa-miR-718, miR-4281 is hsa-miR-4281, miR-6820-5p is hsa-miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p is hsa-miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p is hsa-miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-6132 is hsa-miR-6132, miR-4492 is hsa-miR-4492, miR-7107-5p is hsa-miR-7107-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-762 is hsa-miR-762, miR-2861 is hsa-miR-2861, miR-1203 is hsa-miR-1203, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4476 is hsa-miR-4476, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p is hsa-miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4688 is hsa-miR-4688, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-4640-5p is hsa-miR-4640-5p, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4276 is hsa-miR-4276, miR-7106-5p is hsa-miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p is hsa-miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p is hsa-miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p is hsa-miR-4707-3p, miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534, miR-4294 is hsa-miR-4294, miR-6850-5p is hsa-miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, and miR-671-5p is hsa-miR-671-5p.

In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, specifically, the nucleic acid(s) (specifically, probe(s) or primer(s)) is selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):

-   -   (a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a         nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the         replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative         thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive         nucleotides,     -   (b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642,     -   (c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a         variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof         comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a nucleotide sequence derived         from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d).

The method of the present invention can further employ a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p.

In a preferred embodiment, as for such a nucleic acid, specifically, miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p.

In a preferred embodiment, such a nucleic acid(s) is specifically selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):

-   -   (f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169,     -   (h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i).

The method of the present invention can further employ a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141, and miR-1199-5p.

In a preferred embodiment, as for such a nucleic acid, specifically, miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-211-3p is hsa-miR-211-3p, miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p is hsa-miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p is hsa-miR-135a-3p, miR-4486 is hsa-miR-4486, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p is hsa-miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-4673 is hsa-miR-4673, miR-4466 is hsa-miR-4466, miR-23a-3p is hsa-miR-23a-3p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p is hsa-miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p is hsa-miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-3178 is hsa-miR-3178, miR-4665-5p is hsa-miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p is hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-3141 is hsa-miR-3141, and miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-1199-5p.

Specifically, the nucleic acid(s) further used is a polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):

-   -   (k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide         sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement         of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a         fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199,     -   (m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant         thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising         15 or more consecutive nucleotides,     -   (n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence         complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ         ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the         nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and     -   (o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to         any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n).

Examples of the sample used in the method of the present invention can include samples prepared from a living tissue (preferably a stomach tissue) or a body fluid such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine from the subject. Specifically, for example, an RNA-containing sample prepared from the tissue, a polynucleotide-containing sample further prepared therefrom, a body fluid such as blood, serum, plasma, or urine, a portion or the whole of a living tissue collected from the subject by biopsy or the like, or a living tissue excised by surgery can be used, and the sample for measurement can be prepared therefrom.

The subject used herein refers to a mammal, for example, a human, a monkey, a mouse or a rat without any limitation, and is preferably a human.

The steps of the method of the present invention can be changed according to the type of the sample to be assayed.

In the case of using RNA as an analyte, the detection of stomach cancer (cells) can comprise, for example, the following steps (a), (b), and (c):

-   -   (a) binding RNA(s) prepared from the sample of the subject or a         complementary polynucleotide(s) (cDNA(s)) transcribed therefrom         to a polynucleotide(s) in the kit or the device of the present         invention;     -   (b) measuring the sample-derived RNA or the cDNA(s) synthesized         from the RNA, bound with the polynucleotide by hybridization         using the polynucleotide as a nucleic acid probe(s) or by         quantitative RT-PCR using the polynucleotide(s) as a primer(s);         and     -   (c) evaluating the presence or absence of stomach cancer (or         stomach cancer-derived gene expression) on the basis of the         measurement results of the step (b).

For example, various hybridization methods can be used for detecting, examining, evaluating, or diagnosing stomach cancer (or stomach cancer-derived gene expression) in vitro according to the present invention. For example, Northern blot, Southern blot, RT-PCR, DNA chip analysis, in situ hybridization, Northern hybridization, or Southern hybridization can be used as such a hybridization method.

In the case of using the Northern blot, the presence or absence of expression of each gene or the expression level thereof in the RNA can be detected or measured by use of the nucleic acid probe(s) that can be used in the present invention. Specific examples thereof can include a method which comprises labeling the nucleic acid probe (or a complementary strand) with a radioisotope (³²P, ³³P, ³⁵S, etc.), a fluorescent material, or the like, hybridizing the labeled product with the tissue-derived RNA of the subject, which is transferred to a nylon membrane or the like according to a routine method, and then detecting and measuring a signal derived from the label (radioisotope or fluorescent material) on the formed DNA/RNA duplex using a radiation detector (examples thereof can include BAS-1800 II (Fujifilm Corp.)) or a fluorescence detector (examples thereof can include STORM 865 (GE Healthcare Japan Corp.)).

In the case of using the quantitative RT-PCR, the presence or absence of expression of each gene or the expression level thereof in the RNA can be detected or measured by use of the primer that can be used in the present invention. Specific examples thereof can include a method which comprises preparing cDNA from the tissue-derived RNA of the subject according to a routine method, hybridizing a pair of primers (consisting of a plus strand and a reverse strand binding to the cDNA) of the present invention with the cDNA such that the region of each target gene can be amplified with the cDNA as a template, and performing PCR according to a routine method to detect the obtained double-stranded DNA. The method for detecting the double-stranded DNA can include a method of performing the PCR using the primers labeled in advance with a radioisotope or a fluorescent material, a method of electrophoresing the PCR product on an agarose gel and staining the double-stranded DNA with ethidium bromide or the like for detection, and a method of transferring the produced double-stranded DNA to a nylon membrane or the like according to a routine method and hybridizing the double-stranded DNA to a labeled nucleic acid probe for detection.

In the case of using the nucleic acid array analysis, an RNA chip or a DNA chip in which the nucleic acid probes (single-stranded or double-stranded) of the present invention is attached to a substrate (solid phase) is used. Regions having the attached nucleic acid probes are referred to as probe spots, and regions having no attached nucleic acid probe are referred to as blank spots. A group of genes immobilized on a solid-phase substrate is generally called a nucleic acid chip, a nucleic acid array, a microarray, or the like. The DNA or RNA array includes a DNA or RNA macroarray and a DNA or RNA microarray. The term “chip” used herein includes these arrays. 3D-Gene™ Human miRNA Oligo chip (Toray Industries, Inc.) can be used as the DNA chip, though the DNA chip is not limited thereto.

Examples of the measurement using the DNA chip can include, but are not limited to, a method of detecting and measuring a signal derived from the label on nucleic acid probes using an image detector (examples thereof can include Typhoon 9410 (GE Healthcare) and 3D-Gene™ scanner (Toray Industries, Inc.)).

The “stringent conditions” used herein are, as mentioned above, conditions under which a nucleic acid probe hybridizes to its target sequence to a larger extent (e.g., a measurement value equal to or larger than “(a mean of background measurement values)+(a standard deviation of the background measurement values)×2”) than that for other sequences.

The stringent conditions are defined by hybridization and subsequent washing conditions. Examples of the hybridization conditions include, but not limited to, 30° C. to 60° C. for 1 to 24 hours in a solution containing SSC, a surfactant, formamide, dextran sulfate, a blocking agent(s), etc. In this context, 1×SSC is an aqueous solution (pH 7.0) containing 150 mM sodium chloride and 15 mM sodium citrate. The surfactant includes, for example, SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), Triton, or Tween. The hybridization conditions more preferably involve 3 to 10×SSC and 0.1 to 1% SDS. Examples of the conditions for the washing, following the hybridization, which is another condition to define the stringent conditions, can include conditions involving continuous washing at 30° C. in a solution containing 0.5×SSC and 0.1% SDS, at 30° C. in a solution containing 0.2×SSC and 0.1% SDS, and at 30° C. in a 0.05×SSC solution. It is desirable that the complementary strand should maintain its hybridized state with a target plus strand even by washing under such conditions. Specifically, examples of such a complementary strand can include a strand consisting of a nucleotide sequence in a completely complementary relationship with the nucleotide sequence of the target plus strand, and a strand consisting of a nucleotide sequence having at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90% or at least 95%, for example, at least 98% or at least 99% identity to the strand.

Other examples of the “stringent conditions” for the hybridization are described in, for example, Sambrook, J. & Russel, D., Molecular Cloning, A LABORATORY MANUAL, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, published on Jan. 15, 2001, Vol. 1, 7.42 to 7.45 and Vol. 2, 8.9 to 8.17, and can be used in the present invention.

Examples of the conditions for carrying out PCR using a polynucleotide fragment(s) in the kit of the present invention as a primer(s) include treatment for approximately 15 seconds to 1 minute at 5 to 10° C. plus a Tm value calculated from the sequence(s) of the primer(s), using a PCR buffer having composition such as 10 mM Tris-HCL (pH 8.3), 50 mM KCL, and 1 to 2 mM MgCl₂. Examples of the method for calculating such a Tm value include Tm value=2 (the number of adenine residues+the number of thymine residues)+4×(the number of guanine residues+the number of cytosine residues).

In the case of using the quantitative RT-PCR, a commercially available kit for measurement specially designed for quantitatively measuring miRNA, such as TaqMan® MicroRNA Assays (Life Technologies Corp.); LNA®-based MicroRNA PCR (Exiqon); or Ncode® miRNA qRT-PCT kit (Invitrogen Corp.) may be used.

For the calculation of gene expression levels according to the present invention, statistical treatment described in, for example, Statistical analysis of gene expression microarray data (Speed T., Chapman and Hall/CRC), and A beginner's guide Microarray gene expression data analysis (Causton H. C. et al., Blackwell publishing) can be used, though the calculation method is not limited thereto. For example, twice, preferably 3 times, more preferably 6 times the standard deviation of the measurement values of the blank spots are added to the average measurement value of the blank spots on the DNA chip, and probe spots having a signal value equal to or larger than the resulting value can be regarded as detection spots. Alternatively, the average measurement value of the blank spots is regarded as a background and can be subtracted from the measurement values of the probe spots to determine gene expression levels. A missing value for a gene expression level can be excluded from the analyte, preferably replaced with the smallest value of the gene expression level in each DNA chip, or more preferably replaced with a value obtained by subtracting 0.1 from a logarithmic value of the smallest value of the gene expression level. In order to eliminate low-signal genes, only a gene having a gene expression level of 2⁶, preferably 2⁸, more preferably 2¹⁰ or larger in 20% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 80% or more of the number of measurement samples can be selected as the analyte. Examples of the normalization of the gene expression level include, but are not limited to, global normalization and quantile normalization (Bolstad, B. M. et al., 2003, Bioinformatics, Vol. 19, p. 185-193).

The present invention also provides a method comprising measuring a target gene or gene expression level(s) in a sample derived from a subject using the polynucleotide(s), the kit, or the device (e.g., chip) for detection of the present invention, or a combination thereof, preparing a discriminant (discriminant function) with gene expression levels in a sample derived from a stomach cancer patient and a sample derived from a healthy subject as supervising samples, and determining or evaluating the presence and/or absence of the stomach cancer-derived gene(s) in the sample.

Specifically, the present invention further provides the method comprising: a first step of measuring in vitro an expression level(s) of a target gene(s) (target nucleic acid) in multiple samples that were known to be able to determine or evaluate the presence and/or absence of the stomach cancer-derived gene(s) in the samples, using the polynucleotide(s), the kit, or the device (e.g., chip) for detection of the present invention, or a combination thereof; a second step of constructing a discriminant with the measurement values of the expression level(s) of the target gene(s) that was obtained in the first step as supervising samples; a third step of measuring in vitro an expression level(s) of the target gene(s) in a sample derived from a subject in the same way as in the first step; and a fourth step of substituting the measurement value(s) of the expression level(s) of the target gene(s) obtained in the third step into the discriminant obtained in the second step, and determining or evaluating the presence or absence of the stomach cancer-derived gene(s) in the sample on the basis of the results obtained from the discriminant, wherein the target gene(s) can be detected using the polynucleotide(s) or using a polynucleotide(s) for the detection, that was contained in the polynucleotide, the kit or the device (e.g., chip). In this context, the discriminant can be prepared by use of Fisher's discriminant analysis, nonlinear discriminant analysis based on Mahalanobis' distance, neural network, Support Vector Machine (SVM), or the like, though the method is not limited thereto.

When a clustering boundary is a straight line or a hyperplane, the linear discriminant analysis is a method for determining the association of a cluster using Formula 1 as a discriminant. In Formula 1, x represents an explanatory variable, w represents a coefficient of the explanatory variable, and w0 represents a constant term.

$\begin{matrix} {{f(x)} = {w_{0} + {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}{w_{i}x_{i}}}}} & {{Formula}1} \end{matrix}$

Values obtained from the discriminant are referred to as discriminant scores. The measurement values of a newly offered data set can be substituted as explanatory variables into the discriminant to determine clusters on the basis of the signs of the discriminant scores.

The Fisher's discriminant analysis, one type of linear discriminant analysis, is a dimension reduction method for selecting a dimension suitable for discriminating classes, and constructs a highly discriminating synthetic variable by focusing on the variance of the synthetic variables and minimizing the variance of data having the same label (Venables, W. N. et al., Modern Applied Statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer., 2002). In the Fisher's discriminant analysis, direction w of projection is determined so as to maximize Formula 2. In Formula 2, μ represents an average input, ng represents the number of data associate with class g, and μg represents an average input of the data associate with class g. The numerator and the denominator are the interclass variance and the intraclass variance, respectively, when each data is projected in the direction of the vector w. Discriminant coefficient wi is determined by maximizing this ratio (Takafumi Kanamori et al., “Pattern Recognition”, Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd. (2009); and Richard O. et al., Pattern Classification Second Edition., Wiley-Interscience, 2000).

$\begin{matrix} {{J(w)} = \frac{\sum\limits_{g = 1}^{G}{{n_{g}\left( {{w^{T}\mu_{g}} - {w^{T}\mu}} \right)}\left( {{w^{T}\mu_{g}} - {w^{T}\mu}} \right)^{T}}}{\sum\limits_{g = 1}^{G}{\sum\limits_{{i:y_{i}} = g}{\left( {{w^{T}x_{i}} - {w^{T}\mu_{g}}} \right)\left( {{w^{T}x_{i}} - {w^{T}\mu_{g}}} \right)}}}} & {{Formula}2} \end{matrix}$ ${{{subject}{to}\mu} = {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}\frac{x_{i}}{n}}},{\mu_{g} = {\sum\limits_{{i:u_{i}} = g}^{n}\frac{x_{i}}{n_{g}}}}$

The Mahalanobis' distance is calculated according to Formula 3 in consideration of data correlation and can be used as nonlinear discriminant analysis for determining a cluster in which a data point belongs to, based on a short Mahalanobis' distance from the data point to that cluster. In Formula 3, μ represents a central vector of each cluster, and S-1 represents an inverse matrix of the variance-covariance matrix of the cluster. The central vector is calculated from explanatory variable x, and an average vector, a median value vector, or the like can be used.

$\begin{matrix} {{D\left( {x,\mu} \right)} = \left\{ {\left( {x - \mu} \right)^{t}{S^{- 1}\left( {x - \mu} \right)}} \right\}^{\frac{1}{2}}} & {{Formula}3} \end{matrix}$

SVM is a discriminant analysis method devised by V. Vapnik (The Nature of Statistical Leaning Theory, Springer, 1995). Particular data points of a data set having known classes are defined as explanatory variables, and classes are defined as objective variables. A boundary plane called hyperplane for correctly classifying the data set into the known classes is determined, and a discriminant for data classification is determined using the boundary plane. Then, the measurement values of a newly offered data set can be substituted as explanatory variables into the discriminant to determine classes. In this respect, the result of the discriminant analysis may be classes, may be a probability of data to be classified into correct classes, or may be the distance from the hyperplane. In SVM, a method of nonlinearly converting a feature vector to a high dimension and performing linear discriminant analysis in the space is known as a method for tackling nonlinear problems. An expression in which an inner product of two factors in a nonlinearly mapped space is expressed only by inputs in their original spaces is called kernel. Examples of the kernel can include a linear kernel, a RBF (Radial Basis Function) kernel, and a Gaussian kernel. While highly dimensional mapping is performed according to the kernel, the optimum discriminant, i.e., a discriminant, can be actually constructed by mere calculation according to the kernel, which avoids calculating features in the mapped space (e.g., Hideki Aso et al., Frontier of Statistical Science 6 “Statistics of pattern recognition and learning—New concepts and approaches”, Iwanami Shoten, Publishers (2004); Nello Cristianini et al., Introduction to SVM, Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd. (2008)).

C-support vector classification (C-SVC), one type of SVM, comprises preparing a hyperplane by supervising a data set with the explanatory variables of two groups and classifying an unknown data set into either of the groups (C. Cortes et al., 1995, Machine Learning, Vol. 20, p. 273-297).

Exemplary calculation of the C-SVC discriminant that can be used in the method of the present invention will be given below. First, all subjects are divided into two groups, i.e., a stomach cancer patient group and a healthy subject group. For example, stomach tissue examination can be used for each subject to be confirmed either as a stomach cancer patient or a healthy subject.

Next, a data set consisting of comprehensive gene expression levels of serum-derived samples of the two divided groups (hereinafter, this data set is referred to as a training cohort) is prepared, and a C-SVC discriminant is determined by using genes that were found to differ clearly in their gene expression levels between the two groups as explanatory variables and using this grouping as objective variables (e.g., −1 and +1). An optimizing objective function is represented by Formula 4 wherein e represents all input vectors, y represents an objective variable, a represents a Lagrange's undetermined multiplier vector, Q represents a positive definite matrix, and C represents a parameter for adjusting constrained conditions.

$\begin{matrix} {{\min\limits_{a}\frac{1}{2}a^{T}{Qa}} - {e^{T}a}} & {{Formula}4} \end{matrix}$ subjecttoy^(T)a = 0, 0 ≤ a_(i) ≤ C, i = 1, …, l,

Formula 5 is a finally obtained discriminant, and a group in which the data point belongs to can be determined on the basis of the sign of a value obtained according to the discriminant. In this formula, x represents a support vector, y represents a label indicating the association of a group, a represents the corresponding coefficient, b represents a constant term, and K represents a kernel function.

$\begin{matrix} {{f(x)} = {{sgn}\left( {{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{l}{y_{i}a_{i}{K\left( {x_{i},x} \right)}}} + b} \right)}} & {{Formula}5} \end{matrix}$

For example, a RBF kernel defined by Formula 6 can be used as the kernel function. In this formula, x represents a support vector, and γ represents a kernel parameter for adjusting the complexity of the hyperplane. K(x _(i) ,x _(j))=exp(−r∥x _(i) −x _(j)∥²), r<0  Formula 6

In addition, an approach such as neural network, k-nearest neighbor algorithms, decision trees, or logistic regression analysis can be selected as a method for determining or evaluating the presence and/or absence of expression of a stomach cancer-derived target gene(s) in a sample derived from a subject, or for evaluating the expression level thereof by comparison with a control derived from a healthy subject.

The method of the present invention can comprise, for example, the following steps (a), (b), and (c):

-   -   (a) measuring an expression level(s) of a target gene(s) in         tissues containing stomach cancer-derived genes derived from         stomach cancer patients and/or samples already known to be         tissues containing no stomach cancer-derived gene(s) derived         from healthy subjects, using the polynucleotide(s), the kit, or         the device (e.g., DNA chip) for detection according to the         present invention;     -   (b) preparing the discriminants of Formulas 1 to 3, 5, and 6         described above from the measurement values of the expression         level measured in the step (a); and     -   (c) measuring an expression level(s) of the target gene(s) in a         sample derived from a subject using the polynucleotide(s), the         kit, or the device (e.g., DNA chip) for diagnosis (detection)         according to the present invention, substituting the obtained         measurement value(s) into the discriminants prepared in the step         (b), and determining or evaluating the presence and/or absence         of the stomach cancer-derived target gene(s) in the sample, or         evaluating the expression level(s) thereof by comparison with a         healthy subject-derived control, on the basis of the obtained         results. In this context, in the discriminants of Formulas 1 to         3, 5, and 6, x represents an explanatory variable and includes a         value obtained by measuring a polynucleotide(s) selected from         the polynucleotides described in the Section 2 above, or any         fragment thereof, etc. Specifically, the explanatory variable         for discriminating a stomach cancer patient from a healthy         subject according to the present invention is a gene expression         level(s) selected from, for example, the following expression         levels (1) to (3):     -   (1) a gene expression level(s) in the serum of a stomach cancer         patient or a healthy subject measured by any DNA comprising 15         or more consecutive nucleotides in a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a         complementary sequence thereof,     -   (2) a gene expression level(s) in the serum of a stomach cancer         patient or a healthy subject measured by any DNA comprising 15         or more consecutive nucleotides in a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a complementary         sequence thereof, and     -   (3) a gene expression level(s) in the serum of a stomach cancer         patient or a healthy subject measured by any DNA comprising 15         or more consecutive nucleotides in a nucleotide sequence         represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a complementary         sequence thereof.

As described above, for the method for determining or evaluating the presence and/or absence of a stomach cancer-derived gene(s) in a sample derived from a subject, the preparation of a discriminant requires a discriminant prepared in a training cohort. For enhancing the accuracy of the discriminant, it is necessary for the discriminant to use genes that show clear difference between two groups in the training cohort.

Each gene that is used for an explanatory variable in a discriminant is preferably determined as follows. First, comprehensive gene expression levels of a stomach cancer patient group and comprehensive gene expression levels of a healthy subject group in a training cohort are used as a data set, the degree of difference in the expression level of each gene between the two groups is determined through the use of, for example, the P value of t test, which is parametric analysis, or the P value of Mann-Whitney's U test or Wilcoxon test, which is nonparametric analysis.

The gene can be regarded as being statistically significant when the critical rate (significance level) as the P value obtained by the test is smaller than, for example, 5%, 1%, or 0.01%.

In order to correct an increased probability of type I error attributed to the repetition of a test, a method known in the art, for example, Bonferroni or Holm method, can be used for the correction (e.g., Yasushi Nagata et al., “Basics of statistical multiple comparison methods”, Scientist Press Co., Ltd. (2007)). As an example of the Bonferroni correction, for example, the P value obtained by a test is multiplied by the number of repetitions of the test, i.e., the number of genes used in the analysis, and the obtained value can be compared with a desired significance level to suppress a probability of causing type I error in the whole test.

Instead of the statistical test, the absolute value (fold change) of an expression ratio of a median value of each gene expression level between gene expression levels of a stomach cancer patient group and gene expression levels of a healthy subject group may be calculated to select a gene that is used for an explanatory variable in a discriminant. Alternatively, ROC curves may be prepared using gene expression levels of a stomach cancer patient group and a healthy subject group, and a gene that is used for an explanatory variable in a discriminant can be selected on the basis of an AUROC value.

Next, a discriminant that can be calculated by various methods described above is prepared using any number of genes having large difference in their gene expression levels determined here. Examples of the method for constructing a discriminant that produces the largest discriminant accuracy include a method of constructing a discriminant in every combination of genes that satisfy the significance level of P value, and a method of repetitively evaluating a discriminant while increasing the number of genes for use one by one in a descending order of difference in gene expression level (Furey T S. et al., 2000, Bioinformatics., Vol. 16, p. 906-14). A gene expression level of another independent stomach cancer patient or healthy subject is substituted as an explanatory variable into this discriminant to calculate discriminant results of the group to which this independent stomach cancer patient or healthy subject associate. Specifically, the found gene set for diagnosis and the discriminant constructed using the gene set for diagnosis can be evaluated in an independent sample cohort to find a more universal gene set for diagnosis capable of detecting stomach cancer and a more universal method for discriminating stomach cancer.

Split-sample method is preferably used for evaluating the discriminant performance (generality) of the discriminant. Specifically, a data set is divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort, and gene selection by a statistical test and discriminant preparation are performed in the training cohort. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity are calculated using a result of discriminating a validation cohort according to the discriminant and a true group to which the validation cohort associate, to evaluate the performance of the discriminant. On the other hand, instead of dividing a data set, the gene selection by a statistical test and discriminant preparation may be performed using all of samples, and accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity can be calculated by the discriminant analysis of a newly prepared samples for evaluation of the performance of the discriminant.

The present invention provides a polynucleotide(s) for detection or for disease diagnosis useful in the diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer, a method for detecting stomach cancer using the polynucleotide(s), and a kit and a device for the detection of stomach cancer, comprising the polynucleotide(s). Particularly, in order to select a gene(s) for diagnosis and prepare a discriminant so as to exhibit accuracy beyond a stomach cancer diagnosis method using existing tumor markers CEA and CA19-9, a gene set for diagnosis and a discriminant for the method of the present invention, that exhibit accuracy beyond CEA and CA19-9, can be constructed, for example, by comparing expressed genes in serum derived from a patient confirmed to be negative using CEA and CA19-9 but finally found to have stomach cancer by detailed examination such as computed tomography using a contrast medium, with genes expressed in serum derived from a patient having no stomach cancer.

For example, the gene set for diagnosis is set to any combination selected from one or two or more of the polynucleotides based on a nucleotide sequence(s) represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 or a complementary sequence(s) thereof as described above; and optionally one or two or more of the polynucleotides based on a nucleotide sequence(s) represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 166 to 169 or a complementary sequence(s) thereof; and optionally one or two or more of the polynucleotides based on a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 or a complementary sequence thereof. Further, a discriminant is constructed using expression levels of the gene set for diagnosis in samples derived from class I stomach cancer patients and samples derived from class II healthy subjects as a result of tissue diagnosis. As a result, the presence or absence of stomach cancer-derived genes in an unknown sample can be determined with 100% accuracy at the maximum by measuring expression levels of the gene set for diagnosis in an unknown sample.

EXAMPLES

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described further specifically with reference to Examples below. However, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited by these Examples.

Reference Example 1

<Collection of samples from stomach cancer patient and healthy subject>

Serum was collected using VENOJECT II vacuum blood collecting tube VP-AS109K60 (Terumo Corp.) from each of 100 healthy subjects and 34 stomach cancer patients (19 cases with stage IA, 5 cases with stage IB, 2 cases with stage IIA, 2 cases with stage IIB, 3 cases with stage IIIA, and 3 cases with stage IIIC) with no primary cancer found in areas other than stomach cancer after acquisition of informed consent, and used as a training cohort. Likewise, serum was collected using VENOJECT II vacuum blood collecting tube VP-AS109K60 (Terumo Corp.) from each of 50 healthy subjects and 16 stomach cancer patients (9 cases with stage IA, 2 cases with stage IB, 2 cases with stage IIA, 1 case with stage IIB, 1 case with stage IIIA, and 1 case with stage IIIC) with no primary cancer found in areas other than stomach cancer after acquisition of informed consent, and used as a validation cohort.

<Extraction of Total RNA>

Total RNA was obtained from 300 μL of the serum sample obtained from each of 200 persons in total of 150 healthy subjects and 50 stomach cancer patients included in the training cohort and the validation cohort, using a reagent for RNA extraction in 3D-Gene™ RNA extraction reagent from liquid sample kit (Toray Industries, Inc.) according to the protocol provided by the manufacturer.

<Measurement of Gene Expression Level>

miRNAs in the total RNA obtained from the serum samples of each of 200 persons in total of 150 healthy subjects and 50 stomach cancer patients included in the training cohort and the validation cohort were fluorescently labeled using 3D-Gene™ miRNA Labeling kit (Toray Industries, Inc.) according to the protocol (ver 2.20) provided by the manufacturer. The oligo DNA chip used was 3D-Gene™ Human miRNA Oligo chip (Toray Industries, Inc.) with attached probes having sequences complementary to 2,555 miRNAs among the miRNAs registered in miRBase Release 20. Hybridization between the miRNAs in the total RNA and the probes on the DNA chip under stringent conditions and washing following the hybridization were performed according to the protocol provided by the manufacturer. The DNA chip was scanned using 3D-Gene™ scanner (Toray Industries, Inc.) to obtain images. Fluorescence intensity was digitized using 3D-Gene™ Extraction (Toray Industries, Inc.). The digitized fluorescence intensity was converted to a logarithmic value having a base of 2 and used as a gene expression level, from which a blank value was subtracted. A missing value was replaced with a value obtained by subtracting 0.1 from a logarithmic value of the smallest value of the gene expression level in each DNA chip. As a result, the comprehensive gene expression levels of the miRNAs in the sera were obtained in the 50 stomach cancer patients and the 150 healthy subjects. Calculation and statistical analysis using the digitized gene expression levels of the miRNAs were carried out using R language 3.0.2 (R Development Core Team (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, URL http://www.R-project.org/) and MASS package 7.3-30 (Venables, W. N. & Ripley, B. D. (2002) Modern Applied Statistics with S. Fourth Edition. Springer, New York. ISBN 0-387-95457-0).

Reference Example 2

<Collection of Sample from Patient with Cancer Other than Stomach Cancers>

Serum was collected using VENOJECT II vacuum blood collecting tube VP-AS109K60 (Terumo Corp.) from each of 63 pancreatic cancer patients, 65 bile duct cancer patients, 35 colorectal cancer patients, 32 liver cancer patients, and 17 benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients with no cancer found in other organs after acquisition of informed consent, and used as a training cohort together with the samples of 34 stomach cancer patients and 102 healthy subjects of Reference Example 1. Likewise, serum was collected using VENOJECT II vacuum blood collecting tube VP-AS109K60 (Terumo Corp.) from each of 37 pancreatic cancer patients, 33 bile duct cancer patients, 15 colorectal cancer patients, 20 liver cancer patients, and 4 benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients with no cancer found in other organs after acquisition of informed consent, and used as a validation cohort together with the samples of 16 stomach cancer patients with no cancer found in areas other than stomach cancer and 48 healthy subjects of Reference Example 1. Subsequent operations were conducted in the same way as in Reference Example 1.

Example 1

<Selection of Gene Markers Using the Training Cohort, and Method for Evaluating Stomach Cancer Discriminant Performance of Single Gene Marker Using the Validation Cohort>

In this Example, a gene marker for discriminating a stomach cancer patient from a healthy subject was selected from the training cohort and studied in samples of the validation cohort independent of the training cohort, for a method for evaluating the stomach cancer discriminant performance of each selected gene marker alone.

Specifically, first, the miRNA expression levels of the training cohort and the validation cohort obtained in the preceding Reference Examples were combined and normalized by quantile normalization.

Next, genes for diagnosis were selected using the training cohort. Here, in order to acquire diagnostic markers with higher reliability, only genes having the expression level of 2⁶ or higher in 50% or more of the samples in either of the stomach cancer patient group of the training cohort or the healthy subject group of the training cohort were selected. In order to further acquire statistically significant genes for discriminating a stomach cancer patient group from a healthy subject group, the P value obtained by two-tailed t-test assuming equal variance as to each gene expression level was corrected by the Bonferroni method, and genes that satisfied p<0.01 were acquired as gene markers for use in explanatory variables of a discriminant. The result is described in Table 2.

In this way, polynucleotides consisting of hsa-miR-4257, hsa-miR-6726-5p, hsa-miR-1343-3p, hsa-miR-1247-3p, hsa-miR-6787-5p, hsa-miR-6875-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-8063, hsa-miR-6781-5p, hsa-miR-4746-3p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, hsa-miR-6756-5p, hsa-miR-204-3p, hsa-miR-4651, hsa-miR-6757-5p, hsa-miR-6825-5p, hsa-miR-7108-5p, hsa-miR-4792, hsa-miR-7641, hsa-miR-3188, hsa-miR-3131, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, hsa-miR-8069, hsa-miR-6840-3p, hsa-miR-8072, hsa-miR-1233-5p, hsa-miR-6887-5p, hsa-miR-1231, hsa-miR-5572, hsa-miR-6738-5p, hsa-miR-6784-5p, hsa-miR-6791-5p, hsa-miR-6749-5p, hsa-miR-6741-5p, hsa-miR-128-1-5p, hsa-miR-4419b, hsa-miR-6746-5p, hsa-miR-3184-5p, hsa-miR-3679-5p, hsa-miR-7110-5p, hsa-miR-4516, hsa-miR-6717-5p, hsa-miR-6826-5p, hsa-miR-4433b-3p, hsa-miR-3679-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3622a-5p, hsa-miR-711, hsa-miR-4467, hsa-miR-6857-5p, hsa-miR-6515-3p, hsa-miR-1225-5p, hsa-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-1249, hsa-miR-744-5p, hsa-miR-4442, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-939-5p, hsa-miR-6845-5p, hsa-miR-887-3p, hsa-miR-7845-5p, hsa-miR-6729-5p, hsa-miR-4632-5p, hsa-miR-615-5p, hsa-miR-6724-5p, hsa-miR-4728-5p, hsa-miR-6732-5p, hsa-miR-6816-5p, hsa-miR-4695-5p, hsa-miR-6088, hsa-miR-7975, hsa-miR-3197, hsa-miR-6125, hsa-miR-4433-3p, hsa-miR-6727-5p, hsa-miR-4706, hsa-miR-7847-3p, hsa-miR-6805-3p, hsa-miR-6766-3p, hsa-miR-1913, hsa-miR-4649-5p, hsa-miR-602, hsa-miR-3663-3p, hsa-miR-6893-5p, hsa-miR-6861-5p, hsa-miR-4449, hsa-miR-6842-5p, hsa-miR-4454, hsa-miR-5195-3p, hsa-miR-663b, hsa-miR-6765-5p, hsa-miR-4513, hsa-miR-614, hsa-miR-6785-5p, hsa-miR-6777-5p, hsa-miR-940, hsa-miR-4741, hsa-miR-6870-5p, hsa-miR-6131, hsa-miR-150-3p, hsa-miR-4707-5p, hsa-miR-1915-3p, hsa-miR-3937, hsa-miR-937-5p, hsa-miR-4443, hsa-miR-1914-3p, hsa-miR-3620-5p, hsa-miR-1268b, hsa-miR-1227-5p, hsa-miR-6880-5p, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-6802-5p, hsa-miR-6769a-5p, hsa-miR-663a, hsa-miR-6721-5p, hsa-miR-4532, hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-92b-5p, hsa-miR-371a-5p, hsa-miR-6126, hsa-miR-4734, hsa-miR-4665-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-1469, hsa-miR-4675, hsa-miR-1915-5p, hsa-miR-6716-5p, hsa-miR-718, hsa-miR-4281, hsa-miR-6820-5p, hsa-miR-6795-5p, hsa-miR-6779-5p, hsa-miR-7109-5p, hsa-miR-6798-5p, hsa-miR-4648, hsa-miR-8059, hsa-miR-6765-3p, hsa-miR-6132, hsa-miR-4492, hsa-miR-7107-5p, hsa-miR-3195, hsa-miR-3180, hsa-miR-296-3p, hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-1268a, hsa-miR-6848-5p, hsa-miR-762, hsa-miR-2861, hsa-miR-1203, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-4476, hsa-miR-6885-5p, hsa-miR-6769b-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, hsa-miR-1343-5p, hsa-miR-3621, hsa-miR-4688, hsa-miR-4286, hsa-miR-4640-5p, hsa-miR-4739, hsa-miR-1260a, hsa-miR-4276, hsa-miR-7106, hsa-miR-128-2-5p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p and hsa-miR-486-3p genes, and the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 related thereto were found.

Among them, genes newly found as markers for examining the presence or absence of stomach cancer are polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165.

A discriminant for determining the presence or absence of stomach cancer was further prepared by Fisher's discriminant analysis with the expression levels of these genes as indicators. Specifically, any newly found polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 in the training cohort was applied for Formula 2 to construct a discriminant. Calculated accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity are shown in Table 3. In this respect, a discriminant coefficient and a constant term are shown in Table 4. In this context, all of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 were selected as markers capable of determining all of papillary adenocarcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma (3 cases), low differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, and mucinous carcinoma, which are main types of stomach cancer.

Next, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the validation cohort were calculated using the discriminant thus prepared, and the discriminant performance of the selected polynucleotides was validated using independent samples (Table 3). For example, the expression level measurement value of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 was compared between the healthy subjects (100 persons) and the stomach cancer patients (34 persons) in the training cohort. As a result, the gene expression level measurement values were found to be significantly lower in the stomach cancer patient group than in the healthy subject group (see the left diagram of FIG. 2 ). These results were also reproducible in the healthy subjects (50 persons) and the stomach cancer patients (16 persons) in the validation cohort (see the right diagram of FIG. 2 ). Likewise, the results obtained about the other polynucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 169 showed that the gene expression level measurement values were significantly lower (−) or higher (+) in the stomach cancer patient group than in the healthy subject group (Table 2). These results were able to be validated in the validation cohort. For example, as for this nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, the number of correctly or incorrectly identified samples in the detection of stomach cancer was calculated using the threshold (6.29) that was set in the training cohort and discriminated between the groups. As a result, 14 true positives, 49 true negatives, 1 false positive, and 2 false negatives were obtained. From these values, 95.5% accuracy, 87.5% sensitivity, and 98% specificity were obtained as the detection performance. In this way, the detection performance was calculated as to all of the polynucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169, and described in Table 3. The polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 shown in Table 3, exhibited sensitivity of 87.5%, 93.8%, 93.8%, 81.2%, 93.8%, 87.5%, 87.5%, 81.2%, 68.8%, 87.5%, 75.0%, 81.2%, 87.5%, 75.0%, 81.2%, 93.8%, 68.8%, 81.2%, 56.2%, 68.8%, 87.5%, 56.2%, 62.5%, 62.5%, 62.5%, 75.0%, 56.2%, 87.5%, 93.8%, 62.5%, 87.5%, 62.5%, 68.8%, 81.2%, 81.2%, 62.5%, 81.2%, 81.2%, 62.5%, 87.5%, 62.5%, 75.0%, 56.2%, 75.0%, 62.5%, 56.2%, 68.8%, 62.5%, 56.2%, 93.8%, 62.5%, 62.5%, 56.2%, 81.2%, 68.8%, 56.2%, 43.8%, 75.0%, 75.0%, 68.8%, 81.2%, 75.0%, 68.8%, 68.8%, 43.8%, 62.5%, 50.0%, 50.0%, 62.5%, 62.5%, 50.0%, 68.8%, 37.5%, 50.0%, 37.5%, 68.8%, 68.8%, 56.2%, 12.5%, 75.0%, 50.0%, 50.0%, 37.5%, 68.8%, 25.0%, 81.2%, 43.8%, 56.2%, 62.5%, 37.5%, 43.8%, 43.8%, 37.5%, 43.8%, 31.2%, 43.8%, 50.0%, 25%, 43.8%, 37.5%, 37.5%, 31.2%, 25.0%, 25.0%, 56.2%, 31.2%, 43.8%, 56.2%, 50.0%, 37.5%, 31.2%, 31.2%, 37.5%, 50.0%, 12.5%, 31.2%, 56.2%, 18.8%, 43.8%, 18.8%, 37.5%, 31.2%, 37.5%, 50.0%, 50.0%, 12.5%, 31.2%, 31.2%, 31.2%, 31.2%, 50.0%, 37.5%, 18.8%, 37.5%, 50.0%, 43.8%, 18.8%, 43.8%, 31.2%, 18.8%, 50.0%, 25.0%, 31.2%, 31.2%, 18.8%, 43.8%, 6.2%, 25.0%, 12.5%, 31.2%, 12.5%, 18.8%, 37.5%, 6.2%, 31.2%, 6.2%, 18.8%, 6.2%, 18.8%, 6.2%, 12.5%, 18.8%, 6.2%, 12.5%, 6.2%, 50.0%, 68.8%, 31.2%, and 25.0%, respectively, in the validation cohort. As seen from Comparative Example mentioned later, the existing markers CEA and CA19-9 had sensitivity of 12.5% (when the abnormal value of CEA was defined as 5 ng/ml or higher) and 12.5% (when the abnormal value of CA19-9 was defined as 37 U/ml or higher), respectively, in the validation cohort, demonstrating that all of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 can discriminate, each alone, stomach cancer in the validation cohort with sensitivity beyond CEA and CA19-9.

For example, 4 polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 3, 5, 21, and 28 were able to correctly determine stomach cancer as to 9 stage IA stomach cancer samples contained in the validation cohort. Thus, these polynucleotides can detect even early stomach cancer and contribute to the early diagnosis of stomach cancer.

Example 2

<Method for Evaluating Stomach Cancer Discriminant Performance by Combination of Multiple Gene Markers Using Samples in the Validation Cohort>

In this Example, a method for evaluating stomach cancer discriminant performance by a combination of the gene markers selected in Example 1 was studied. Specifically, Fisher's discriminant analysis was conducted as to 14,190 combinations of two expression level measurement values comprising at least one or more of the expression level measurement values of the newly found polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 among any of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 selected in Example 1, to construct a discriminant for determining the presence or absence of stomach cancer. Next, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the validation cohort were calculated using the discriminant thus prepared, and the discriminant performance of the selected polynucleotides was validated using the independent samples.

For example, the expression level measurement values of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2 were compared between the healthy subjects (100 persons) and the stomach cancer patients (34 persons) in the training cohort. As a result, a scatter diagram that significantly separated the expression level measurement values of the stomach cancer patient group from those of the healthy subject group was obtained (see the left diagram of FIG. 3 ). These results were also reproducible in the healthy subjects (50 persons) and the stomach cancer patients (16 persons) in the validation cohort (see the right diagram of FIG. 3 ). Likewise, a scatter diagram that significantly separated the gene expression level measurement values of the stomach cancer patient group from those of the healthy subject group was also obtained as to the other combinations of two expression level measurement values comprising at least one or more of the expression level measurement values of the newly found polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 among the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169. These results were able to be validated in the validation cohort. For example, as for these nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2, the number of samples that were correctly or incorrectly identified in the detection of stomach cancer was calculated using the function (0=0.83x+y−14.78) that was set in the training cohort and discriminated between the two groups. As a result, 15 true positives, 50 true negatives, 0 false positives, and 1 false negative were obtained. From these values, 98.5% accuracy, 93.8% sensitivity, and 100% specificity were obtained as the detection performance. In this way, the detection performance was calculated as to all of the combinations of two expression level measurement values comprising at least one or more of the expression level measurement values of any of the newly found polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 among the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169. Among them, 168 combinations comprising the expression level measurement value of the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and the detection performance thereof were described in Table 6 as an example. For example, a combination of the expression level measurement values of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 14 exhibited sensitivity of 100% in the validation cohort. Also, all of combinations of two polynucleotides consisting of nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and any of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 4, 14, 17, 22, 24, 27, 32, 39, 43, 46, 48, 53, 65, 66, 67, 78, 89, 91, 98, 99, 113, 116, 122, 129, 141, 144, 148, 150, 154, and 156 exhibited specificity of 100%. 14,159 combinations of the expression level measurement values of polynucleotides having sensitivity beyond the existing marker CEA or CA19-9 (both 12.5% in Table 5) were obtained in the validation cohort. All of the nucleotide sequences 1 to 165 described in Table 2 obtained in Example 1 were employed at least once in these combinations. These results demonstrated that the combined use of two of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 can also discriminate stomach cancer with excellent performance beyond the existing marker. Thus, the combinations of two expression level measurement values of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences also produced excellent stomach cancer detection sensitivity.

Markers for the detection of stomach cancer with better sensitivity are obtained by further combining 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more of the expression level measurement values of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169. For example, the newly found polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 among the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 selected in Example 1 were measured to obtain their expression levels between the healthy subject group and the stomach cancer group in the validation cohort. All of the polynucleotides were ranked in the descending order of their P values based on the Student's t-test which indicates statistical significance of difference between groups (i.e., one having the lowest P value was ranked in the first place), and stomach cancer detection sensitivity was evaluated using combinations of one or more polynucleotides to which the polynucleotides were added one by one from the top to the bottom according to the rank. In short, the order in which the polynucleotides were combined in this evaluation is in reverse in terms of SEQ ID NOs from SEQ ID NO: 165 to SEQ ID NOs: 164, 163, . . . shown in Table 2. As a result, the sensitivity in the validation cohort was 6.2% for 1 polynucleotide (SEQ ID NO: 165), 62.5% for 2 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 165 and 164), 68.8% for 4 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 162 to 165), 75.0% for 8 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 158 to 165), 87.5% for 13 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 153 to 165), 93.8% for 15 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 151 to 165), 100% for 23 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 143 to 165), 100% for 50 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 116 to 165), 100% for 80 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 86 to 165), 100% for 100 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 66 to 165), 100% for 150 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 16 to 165), and 100% for 165 polynucleotides (SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165).

These results demonstrated that a combination of multiple polynucleotides can produce higher stomach cancer discriminant performance than that of each polynucleotide alone or a combination of a fewer number of polynucleotides. In this context, the combinations of multiple polynucleotides are not limited to the combinations of the polynucleotides added in the order of statistically significant difference as described above, and any combination of multiple polynucleotides can be used in the detection of stomach cancer.

From these results, it can be concluded that all of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 serve as excellent markers for the detection of stomach cancer.

TABLE 2 Expression level in P value after stomach cancer Bonferroni patient relative to SEQ ID NO: Gene name correction healthy subject 1 hsa-miR-4257 1.77.E−35 − 2 hsa-miR-6726-5p 1.21.E−34 − 3 hsa-miR-1343-3p 2.35.E−27 − 4 hsa-miR-1247-3p 1.41.E−25 + 5 hsa-miR-6787-5p 9.96.E−25 − 6 hsa-miR-6875-5p 3.18.E−23 + 7 hsa-miR-1225-3p 4.17.E−23 + 8 hsa-miR-8063 1.39.E−22 − 9 hsa-miR-6781-5p 4.80.E−22 + 10 hsa-miR-4746-3p 7.08.E−22 + 11 hsa-miR-1908-5p 1.66.E−21 + 12 hsa-miR-6756-5p 2.78.E−21 − 13 hsa-miR-204-3p 3.60.E−21 − 14 hsa-miR-4651 3.74.E−21 − 15 hsa-miR-6757-5p 5.50.E−21 − 16 hsa-miR-6825-5p 7.04.E−20 + 17 hsa-miR-7108-5p 8.87.E−20 + 18 hsa-miR-4792 1.50.E−19 + 19 hsa-miR-7641 2.77.E−19 − 20 hsa-miR-3188 4.51.E−19 + 21 hsa-miR-3131 1.03.E−18 − 22 hsa-miR-6780b-5p 1.44.E−18 + 23 hsa-miR-8069 2.56.E−18 + 24 hsa-miR-6840-3p 3.01.E−18 − 25 hsa-miR-8072 4.25.E−18 + 26 hsa-miR-1233-5p 2.25.E−17 − 27 hsa-miR-6887-5p 4.74.E−17 − 28 hsa-miR-1231 5.08.E−17 + 29 hsa-miR-5572 1.08.E−16 + 30 hsa-miR-6738-5p 1.16.E−16 − 31 hsa-miR-6784-5p 1.68.E−16 + 32 hsa-miR-6791-5p 3.16.E−16 + 33 hsa-miR-6749-5p 3.69.E−16 − 34 hsa-miR-6741-5p 5.38.E−16 − 35 hsa-miR-128-1-5p 1.67.E−15 + 36 hsa-miR-4419b 2.16.E−15 − 37 hsa-miR-6746-5p 2.49.E−15 − 38 hsa-miR-3184-5p 2.56.E−15 + 39 hsa-miR-3679-5p 2.88.E−15 + 40 hsa-miR-7110-5p 3.95.E−15 + 41 hsa-miR-4516 4.43.E−15 − 42 hsa-miR-6717-5p 4.77.E−15 − 43 hsa-miR-6826-5p 4.94.E−15 − 44 hsa-miR-4433b-3p 5.34.E−15 + 45 hsa-miR-3679-3p 2.55.E−14 + 46 hsa-miR-3135b 3.35.E−14 − 47 hsa-miR-3622a-5p 4.36.E−14 − 48 hsa-miR-711 5.86.E−14 + 49 hsa-miR-4467 7.26.E−14 + 50 hsa-miR-6857-5p 2.73.E−13 + 51 hsa-miR-6515-3p 3.28.E−13 + 52 hsa-miR-1225-5p 4.67.E−13 + 53 hsa-miR-187-5p 5.39.E−13 − 54 hsa-miR-3185 6.80.E−13 + 55 hsa-miR-642b-3p 8.60.E−13 − 56 hsa-miR-1249 1.16.E−12 + 57 hsa-miR-744-5p 2.15.E−12 + 58 hsa-miR-4442 3.26.E−12 − 59 hsa-miR-1228-3p 4.54.E−12 + 60 hsa-miR-939-5p 7.77.E−12 + 61 hsa-miR-6845-5p 9.25.E−12 + 62 hsa-miR-887-3p 1.35.E−11 + 63 hsa-miR-7845-5p 1.81.E−11 + 64 hsa-miR-6729-5p 2.80.E−11 + 65 hsa-miR-4632-5p 6.45.E−11 + 66 hsa-miR-615-5p 7.56.E−11 − 67 hsa-miR-6724-5p 8.75.E−11 + 68 hsa-miR-4728-5p 1.05.E−10 − 69 hsa-miR-6732-5p 1.23.E−10 + 70 hsa-miR-6816-5p 1.35.E−10 + 71 hsa-miR-4695-5p 4.88.E−10 + 72 hsa-miR-6088 5.46.E−10 − 73 hsa-miR-7975 5.48.E−10 − 74 hsa-miR-3197 5.56.E−10 + 75 hsa-miR-6125 6.01.E−10 + 76 hsa-miR-4433-3p 6.04.E−10 + 77 hsa-miR-6727-5p 8.92.E−10 − 78 hsa-miR-4706 1.09.E−09 − 79 hsa-miR-7847-3p 1.25.E−09 − 80 hsa-miR-6805-3p 1.57.E−09 + 81 hsa-miR-6766-3p 1.95.E−09 + 82 hsa-miR-1913 2.12.E−09 + 83 hsa-miR-4649-5p 2.42.E−09 − 84 hsa-miR-602 2.50.E−09 + 85 hsa-miR-3663-3p 2.83.E−09 − 86 hsa-miR-6893-5p 3.40.E−09 − 87 hsa-miR-6861-5p 3.53.E−09 − 88 hsa-miR-4449 4.40.E−09 + 89 hsa-miR-6842-5p 4.48.E−09 + 90 hsa-miR-4454 4.77.E−09 − 91 hsa-miR-5195-3p 6.01.E−09 − 92 hsa-miR-663b 9.12.E−09 − 93 hsa-miR-6765-5p 2.06.E−08 + 94 hsa-miR-4513 2.61.E−08 − 95 hsa-miR-614 4.92.E−08 − 96 hsa-miR-6785-5p 5.85.E−08 − 97 hsa-miR-6777-5p 6.02.E−08 − 98 hsa-miR-940 8.08.E−08 + 99 hsa-miR-4741 9.53.E−08 + 100 hsa-miR-6870-5p 1.07.E−07 + 101 hsa-miR-6131 1.21.E−07 − 102 hsa-miR-150-3p 1.31.E−07 − 103 hsa-miR-4707-5p 1.70.E−07 + 104 hsa-miR-1915-3p 2.00.E−07 + 105 hsa-miR-3937 2.17.E−07 + 106 hsa-miR-937-5p 2.85.E−07 − 107 hsa-miR-4443 3.12.E−07 + 108 hsa-miR-1914-3p 3.23.E−07 − 109 hsa-miR-3620-5p 3.97.E−07 + 110 hsa-miR-1268b 5.51.E−07 + 111 hsa-miR-1227-5p 8.69.E−07 + 112 hsa-miR-6880-5p 9.59.E−07 + 113 hsa-miR-4417 1.28.E−06 + 114 hsa-miR-6802-5p 1.30.E−06 − 115 hsa-miR-6769a-5p 1.32.E−06 − 116 hsa-miR-663a 1.42.E−06 + 117 hsa-miR-6721-5p 1.73.E−06 + 118 hsa-miR-4532 2.01.E−06 − 119 hsa-miR-7977 2.27.E−06 − 120 hsa-miR-92b-5p 2.37.E−06 + 121 hsa-miR-371a-5p 2.37.E−06 − 122 hsa-miR-6126 2.47.E−06 + 123 hsa-miR-4734 2.53.E−06 + 124 hsa-miR-4665-3p 2.71.E−06 + 125 hsa-miR-423-5p 4.04.E−06 − 126 hsa-miR-1469 8.08.E−06 + 127 hsa-miR-4675 8.36.E−06 − 128 hsa-miR-1915-5p 8.49.E−06 − 129 hsa-miR-6716-5p 9.56.E−06 + 130 hsa-miR-718 1.59.E−05 + 131 hsa-miR-4281 1.59.E−05 − 132 hsa-miR-6820-5p 1.88.E−05 − 133 hsa-miR-6795-5p 3.14.E−05 − 134 hsa-miR-6779-5p 3.55.E−05 − 135 hsa-miR-7109-5p 4.02.E−05 − 136 hsa-miR-6798-5p 4.28.E−05 + 137 hsa-miR-4648 6.38.E−05 + 138 hsa-miR-8059 7.15.E−05 − 139 hsa-miR-6765-3p 8.47.E−05 − 140 hsa-miR-6132 1.28.E−04 + 141 hsa-miR-4492 1.51.E−04 + 142 hsa-miR-7107-5p 1.64.E−04 − 143 hsa-miR-3195 1 73.E−04 + 144 hsa-miR-3180 2.82.E−04 + 145 hsa-miR-296-3p 2.89.E−04 − 146 hsa-miR-564 4.75.E−04 − 147 hsa-miR-1268a 5.55.E−04 + 148 hsa-miR-6848-5p 6.07.E−04 + 149 hsa-miR-762 8.99.E−04 + 150 hsa-miR-2861 1.57.E−03 − 151 hsa-miR-1203 1.91.E−03 + 152 hsa-miR-1260b 2.01.E−03 − 153 hsa-miR-4476 2.45.E−03 − 154 hsa-miR-6885-5p 2.83.E−03 − 155 hsa-miR-6769b-5p 2.84.E−03 − 156 hsa-miR-23b-3p 2.87.E−03 − 157 hsa-miR-1343-5p 3.95.E−03 + 158 hsa-miR-3621 4.31.E−03 − 159 hsa-miR-4688 4.77.E−03 − 160 hsa-miR-4286 4.90.E−03 − 161 hsa-miR-4640-5p 6.06.E−03 + 162 hsa-miR-4739 6.13.E−03 + 163 hsa-miR-1260a 7.24.E−03 − 164 hsa-miR-4276 8.00.E−03 + 165 hsa-miR-7106-5p 9.50.E−03 − 166 hsa-miR-128-2-5p 1.79.E−09 − 167 lisa-miR-125a-3p 1.81.E−09 − 168 hsa-miR-92a-2-5p 2.01.E−05 + 169 hsa-miR-486-3p 2.60.E−03 −

TABLE 3 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 1 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 2 94.8 88.2 97.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 3 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 4 93.3 82.4 97.0 90.9 81.2 94.0 5 93.3 79.4 98.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 6 94.0 91.2 95.0 87.9 87.5 88.0 7 92.5 82.4 96.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 8 90.3 88.2 91.0 90.9 81.2 94.0 9 94.8 85.3 98.0 86.4 68.8 92.0 10 91.0 76.5 96.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 11 90.3 82.4 93.0 89.4 75.0 94.0 12 90.3 73.5 96.0 87.9 81.2 90.0 13 91.0 73.5 97.0 81.8 87.5 80.0 14 91.8 79.4 96.0 92.4 75.0 98.0 15 90.3 76.5 95.0 95.5 81.2 100.0 16 88.1 82.4 90.0 92.4 93.8 92.0 17 88.1 73.5 93.0 83.3 68.8 88.0 18 92.5 88.2 94.0 93.9 81.2 98.0 19 88.1 73.5 93.0 83.3 56.2 92.0 20 91.8 85.3 94.0 90.9 68.8 98.0 21 91.8 76.5 97.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 22 88.8 70.6 95.0 89.4 56.2 100.0 23 88.1 67.6 95.0 87.9 62.5 96.0 24 87.3 64.7 95.0 87.9 62.5 96.0 25 88.1 61.8 97.0 83.3 62.5 90.0 26 90.3 76.5 95.0 89.4 75.0 94.0 27 91.0 67.6 99.0 89.4 56.2 100.0 28 90.3 79.4 94.0 90.9 87.5 92.0 29 85.8 79.4 88.0 90.9 93.8 90.0 30 89.6 76.5 94.0 86.4 62.5 94.0 31 85.1 73.5 89.0 87.9 87.5 88.0 32 85.1 67.6 91.0 89.4 62.5 98.0 33 87.3 61.8 96.0 90.9 68.8 98.0 34 90.3 70.6 97.0 89.4 81.2 92.0 35 89.6 82.4 92.0 84.8 81.2 86.0 36 90.3 73.5 96.0 89.4 62.5 98.0 37 90.3 70.6 97.0 92.4 81.2 96.0 38 87.3 82.4 89.0 90.9 81.2 94.0 39 90.3 76.5 95.0 90.9 62.5 100.0 40 87.3 76.5 91.0 89.4 87.5 90.0 41 90.3 61.8 100.0 90.9 62.5 100.0 42 90.3 61.8 100.0 93.9 75.0 100.0 43 90.3 67.6 98.0 89.4 56.2 100.0 44 87.3 73.5 92.0 81.8 75.0 84.0 45 90.3 82.4 93.0 83.3 62.5 90.0 46 90.3 70.6 97.0 87.9 56.2 98.0 47 85.1 47.1 98.0 90.9 68.8 98.0 48 86.6 64.7 94.0 89.4 62.5 98.0 49 83.6 73.5 87.0 86.4 56.2 96.0 50 90.3 79.4 94.0 95.5 93.8 96.0 51 84.3 61.8 92.0 77.3 62.5 82.0 52 87.3 64.7 95.0 84.8 62.5 92.0 53 84.3 52.9 95.0 87.9 56.2 98.0 54 85.8 67.6 92.0 90.9 81.2 94.0 55 87.3 64.7 95.0 90.9 68.8 98.0 56 86.5 67.6 92.9 80.3 56.2 88.0 57 83.6 52.9 94.0 84.8 43.8 98.0 58 85.8 70.6 91.0 87.9 75.0 92.0 59 84.3 55.9 94.0 86.4 75.0 90.0 60 82.8 73.5 86.0 83.3 68.8 88.0 61 85.1 52.9 96.0 87.9 81.2 90.0 62 82.8 61.8 90.0 84.8 75.0 88.0 63 85.1 58.8 94.0 86.4 68.8 92.0 64 79.9 50.0 90.0 81.8 68.8 86.0 65 88.1 61.8 97.0 84.8 43.8 98.0 66 83.6 41.2 98.0 89.4 62.5 98.0 67 82.8 55.9 92.0 78.8 50.0 88.0 68 78.4 44.1 90.0 81.8 50.0 92.0 69 82.1 61.8 89.0 80.3 62.5 86.0 70 82.1 58.8 90.0 84.8 62.5 92.0 71 79.9 47.1 91.0 83.3 50.0 94.0 72 79.9 50.0 90.0 86.4 68.8 92.0 73 80.6 41.2 94.0 78.8 37.5 92.0 74 85.8 61.8 94.0 83.3 50.0 94.0 75 81.3 44.1 94.0 81.8 37.5 96.0 76 81.3 61.8 88.0 83.3 68.8 88.0 77 86.6 67.6 93.0 90.9 68.8 98.0 78 85.1 58.8 94.0 84.8 56.2 94.0 79 85.1 44.1 99.0 78.8 12.5 100.0 80 79.9 50.0 90.0 89.4 75.0 94.0 81 82.8 47.1 95.0 80.3 50.0 90.0 82 82.1 55.9 91.0 78.5 50.0 87.8 83 84.3 50.0 96.0 81.8 37.5 96.0 84 82.8 52.9 93.0 87.9 68.8 94.0 85 82.8 47.1 95.0 78.8 25.0 96.0 86 85.8 52.9 97.0 92.4 81.2 96.0 87 84.3 50.0 96.0 81.8 43.8 94.0 88 80.6 38.2 95.0 86.4 56.2 96.0 89 81.3 41.2 95.0 87.9 62.5 96.0 90 81.3 47.1 93.0 78.8 37.5 92.0 91 82.1 47.1 94.0 81.8 43.8 94.0 92 83.6 47.1 96.0 86.4 43.8 100.0 93 82.8 47.1 95.0 80.3 37.5 94.0 94 79.1 29.4 96.0 83.3 43.8 96.0 95 76.9 38.2 90.0 78.8 31.2 94.0 96 81.3 44.1 94.0 83.3 43.8 96.0 97 79.9 38.2 94.0 83.3 50.0 94.0 98 80.6 44.1 93.0 78.8 25.0 96.0 99 82.1 50.0 93.0 80.3 43.8 92.0 100 81.3 38.2 96.0 84.8 37.5 100.0 101 85.1 50.0 97.0 83.3 37.5 98.0 102 80.6 29.4 98.0 77.3 31.2 92.0 103 76.1 32.4 91.0 75.8 25.0 92.0 104 84.3 50.0 96.0 80.3 25.0 98.0 105 79.1 38.2 93.0 84.8 56.2 94.0 106 82.8 44.1 96.0 81.8 31.2 98.0 107 82.1 44.1 95.0 83.3 43.8 96.0 108 81.3 47.1 93.0 80.3 56.2 88.0 109 79.9 38.2 94.0 81.8 50.0 92.0 110 74.6 32.4 89.0 72.7 37.5 84.0 111 81.3 44.1 94.0 75.8 31.2 90.0 112 82.8 47.1 95.0 80.3 31.2 96.0 113 81.3 35.3 97.0 81.8 37.5 96.0 114 86.6 52.9 98.0 86.4 50.0 98.0 115 79.1 38.2 93.0 75.8 12.5 96.0 116 81.3 41.2 95.0 78.8 31.2 94.0 117 76.9 38.2 90.0 80.3 56.2 88.0 118 81.3 38.2 96.0 75.8 18.8 94.0 119 78.4 35.3 93.0 81.8 43.8 94.0 120 78.4 38.2 92.0 78.8 18.8 98.0 121 79.1 35.3 94.0 75.8 37.5 88.0 122 78.4 38.2 92.0 81.8 31.2 98.0 123 78.4 32.4 94.0 80.3 37.5 94.0 124 87.3 52.9 99.0 86.4 50.0 98.0 125 76.9 32.4 92.0 75.8 50.0 84.0 126 78.4 29.4 95.0 71.2 12.5 90.0 127 80.6 41.2 94.0 83.3 31.2 100.0 128 79.9 32.4 96.0 78.8 31.2 94.0 129 77.6 26.5 95.0 77.3 31.2 92.0 130 76.1 26.5 93.0 75.8 31.2 90.0 131 78.4 35.3 93.0 84.8 50.0 96.0 132 80.6 29.4 98.0 77.3 37.5 90.0 133 79.9 23.5 99.0 80.3 18.8 100.0 134 75.4 32.4 90.0 83.3 37.5 98.0 135 73.9 23.5 91.0 80.3 50.0 90.0 136 78.4 44.1 90.0 74.2 43.8 84.0 137 73.9 20.6 92.0 80.3 18.8 100.0 138 79.1 29.4 96.0 81.8 43.8 94.0 139 82.1 41.2 96.0 80.3 31.2 96.0 140 79.9 29.4 97.0 78.8 18.8 98.0 141 79.1 32.4 95.0 81.8 50.0 92.0 142 75.4 29.4 91.0 75.8 25.0 92.0 143 78.4 38.2 92.0 77.3 31.2 92.0 144 79.9 32.4 96.0 81.8 31.2 98.0 145 81.2 27.3 99.0 77.3 18.8 96.0 146 81.3 35.3 97.0 84.8 43.8 98.0 147 73.1 14.7 93.0 71.2 6.2 92.0 148 77.6 23.5 96.0 78.8 25.0 96.0 149 77.6 23.5 96.0 72.3 12.5 91.8 150 77.6 23.5 96.0 80.3 31.2 96.0 151 74.6 14.7 95.0 78.8 12.5 100.0 152 79.9 32.4 96.0 75.8 18.8 94.0 153 76.1 20.6 95.0 78.8 37.5 92.0 154 81.3 32.4 98.0 75.8 6.2 98.0 155 76.9 20.6 96.0 81.8 31.2 98.0 156 79.1 23.5 98.0 72.7 6.2 94.0 157 82.1 35.3 98.0 80.3 18.8 100.0 158 74.6 11.8 96.0 74.2 6.2 96.0 159 77.6 20.6 97.0 78.8 18.8 98.0 160 75.4 20.6 94.0 71.2 6.2 92.0 161 78.4 26.5 96.0 78.8 12.5 100.0 162 79.1 20.6 99.0 78.8 18.8 98.0 163 76.1 20.6 95.0 72.7 6.2 94.0 164 76.9 14.7 98.0 78.8 12.5 100.0 165 74.6 8.8 97.0 75.8 6.2 98.0 166 85.1 52.9 96.0 87.9 50.0 100.0 167 85.8 50.0 98.0 89.4 68.8 96.0 168 80.6 41.2 94.0 77.3 31.2 92.0 169 80.6 32.4 97.0 81.8 25.0 100.0

TABLE 4 Discriminant Constant SEQ ID NO: coefficient term 1 2.731 17.177 2 3.324 31.765 3 1.836 12.851 4 4.010 25.699 5 3.767 31.391 6 3.829 35.096 7 3.144 17.990 8 2.726 21.913 9 5.443 57.639 10 2.686 18.095 11 4.398 51.318 12 5.286 43.176 13 1.921 24.270 14 5.407 58.548 15 2.820 19.731 16 2.197 14.682 17 4.707 43.642 18 2.022 13.892 19 1.268 8.665 20 3.417 21.034 21 2.266 15.207 22 3.039 27.590 23 7.728 99.955 24 3.052 26.321 25 5.366 66.791 26 2.810 30.883 27 2.291 13.933 28 3.580 23.815 29 2.466 16.690 30 3.715 25.964 31 3.866 49.046 32 4.847 44.998 33 4.518 44.908 34 4.174 28.253 35 2.781 21.080 36 2.163 12.587 37 2.399 14.923 38 2.387 19.533 39 2.662 18.538 40 1.844 14.656 41 4.162 54.280 42 1.861 10.860 43 1.882 10.852 44 3.955 32.182 45 3.509 21.353 46 2.764 21.183 47 2.237 12.508 48 3.474 29.057 49 2.348 23.412 50 1.601 8.585 51 4.385 29.783 52 3.501 25.951 53 2.121 20.821 54 2.398 17.081 55 2.333 21.669 56 3.979 23.944 57 2.618 18.423 58 3.487 32.829 59 4.222 26.720 60 2.479 18.929 61 3.944 38.152 62 2.371 17.392 63 2.987 20.097 64 9.232 116.333 65 4.246 34.038 66 1.900 12.014 67 4.891 49.041 68 5.062 35.194 69 3.378 28.973 70 4.587 46.523 71 4.446 33.529 72 3.367 33.945 73 2.155 21.186 74 2.768 26.384 75 5.220 62.722 76 3.883 28.652 77 5.643 71.747 78 3.610 27.579 79 2.457 15.182 80 2.520 19.029 81 3.853 22.961 82 3.525 21.894 83 2.531 25.858 84 3.041 19.506 85 3.868 46.680 86 2.117 17.685 87 3.724 26.711 88 3.680 23.968 89 3.374 20.135 90 2.196 25.309 91 2.976 20.156 92 2.933 25.402 93 5.009 53.145 94 2.567 14.765 95 1.729 11.402 96 2.393 21.401 97 3.112 20.031 98 3.065 19.720 99 3.850 38.303 100 3.191 23.796 101 1.739 18.155 102 1.790 11.695 103 4.223 31.086 104 3.902 43.384 105 4.394 38.067 106 3.808 31.650 107 2.442 15.680 108 4.742 35.456 109 4.065 32.357 110 3.132 31.233 111 6.253 59.917 112 2.144 16.593 113 5.077 41.640 114 4.331 36.232 115 4.104 26.007 116 4.365 44.632 117 4.092 30.958 118 3.410 40.413 119 2.277 22.244 120 3.385 27.099 121 3.662 26.864 122 3.020 32.940 123 5.127 61.295 124 2.499 14.725 125 2.372 17.057 126 5.371 54.883 127 2.882 21.683 128 1.355 8.339 129 3.793 24.904 130 3.673 25.051 131 3.824 44.211 132 2.858 20.620 133 2.687 15.927 134 6.294 44.652 135 5.392 39.920 136 2.883 30.122 137 1.419 8.435 138 3.372 25.593 139 1.616 14.087 140 3.505 27.638 141 5.430 57.153 142 4.737 36.945 143 4.079 33.703 144 4.615 40.322 145 1.899 11.130 146 1.461 8.484 147 3.248 36.484 148 4.537 33.621 149 6.451 87.375 150 5.814 72.020 151 2.391 14.618 152 2.345 19.966 153 1.746 12.413 154 2.794 30.977 155 3.878 24.272 156 1.014 5.894 157 3.451 35.923 158 4.810 57.343 159 3.755 26.714 160 2.474 18.364 161 4.014 31.043 162 3.561 40.868 163 2.408 16.644 164 1.795 10.022 165 2.135 12.545 166 2.652 28.430 167 1.220 7.446 168 2.017 19.036 169 2.835 22.505

TABLE 5-1 Training cohort Sample name Cancer stage CEA CA19-9 SC03 IA 2.9(−) 77.4(+) SC04 IA 2.9(−)  0.1(−) SC05 IA 2.9(−) 21.8(−) SC06 IA 1.7(−) 41.9(+) SC07 IB 1.5(−) 25.1(−) SC09 IA 2.3(−) 17.5(−) SC10 IIB 1.2(−) 10.0(−) SC12 IA 3.3(−)  8.5(−) SC13 IA 3.4(−)  8.2(−) SC15 IA 3.7(−)  6.3(−) SC17 IIB 2.8(−)  4.3(−) SC18 IB 6.9(+) 20.2(−) SC19 IA 3.1(−)  5.0(−) SC20 IIIC 3.3(−) 20.1(−) SC23 IB 2.5(−)  0.1(−) SC24 IA 3.1(−) 43.2(−) SC25 IIIA 2.6(−) 16.4(−) SC26 IA 0.9(−)  7.3(−) SC27 IA 2.0(−)  9.2(−) SC29 IIA 1.3(−) 35.6(−) SC30 IA 2.8(−)  0.1(−) SC31 IA 2.4(−) 14.0(−) SC32 IA 4.0(−) 10.5(−) SC34 IA 2.4(−) 17.0(−) SC36 IIIC 1.5(−) 14.1(−) SC38 IA 4.8(−) 47.6(+) SC40 IIA 1.7(−) 29.4(−) SC41 IA 0.3(−) 10.9(−) SC42 IIIA 2.2(−) 12.2(−) SC45 IIIC 0.8(−)  6.5(−) SC47 IB 1.3(−) 26.3(−) SC48 IIIA 1.9(−)  6.3(−) SC49 IA 2.9(−) 41.1(+) SC50 IB 1.4(−) 11.4(−)

TABLE 5-2 Validation cohort Sample name Cancer stage CEA CA19/9 SC01 IA 3.7(−) 0.1(−) SC02 IA 4.9(−) 65.2(+)  SC08 IA 1.1(−) 9.9(−) SC11 IA 1.8(−) 9.4(−) SC14 IB 2.0(−) 26.1(−)  SC16 IA 3.1(−) 9.5(−) SC21 IIA 0.7(−) 9.1(−) SC22 IA 1.4(−) 6.0(−) SC28 IA 3.3(−) 6.6(−) SC33 IIIA 5.6(+) 14.7(−)  SC35 IA 3.7(−) 7.8(−) SC37 IIB 4.2(−) 0.1(−) SC39 IIC 17.5(+)  7.0(−) SC43 IIA 4.6(−) 10.1(−)  SC44 IA 1.8(−) 5.8(−) SC46 IB 2.7(−) 37.1(+)  For CEA, 5 ng/mL or lower was indicated as “−”, and for A19-9, 37 U/mL or lower was indicated as “−”, while values exceeding these were indicated as “+”.

TABLE 6 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 1_2 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_3 97.8 94.1 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_4 98.5 94.1 100.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_5 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_6 97.0 91.2 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_7 96.3 91.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_8 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_9 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_10 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_11 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_12 96.3 88.2 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_13 100.0 100.0 100.0 93.9 93.8 94.0 1_14 97.8 94.1 99.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1_15 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_16 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_17 96.3 91.2 98.0 95.5 81.2 100.0 1_18 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_19 100.0 100.0 100.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_20 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_21 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_22 97.8 91.2 100.0 95.5 81.2 100.0 1_23 99.3 97.1 100.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_24 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_25 99.3 97.1 100.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_26 96.3 88.2 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_27 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_28 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_29 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_30 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_31 96.3 88.2 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_32 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_33 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_34 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_35 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_36 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_37 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_38 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_39 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_40 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_41 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_42 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_43 95.5 85.3 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_44 95.5 88.2 98.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_45 97.8 94.1 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_46 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_47 97.0 94.1 98.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_48 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_49 97.8 91.2 100.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_50 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_51 98.5 97.1 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_52 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_53 95.5 85.3 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_54 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_55 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_56 97.7 94.1 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_57 97.8 91.2 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_58 95.5 88.2 98.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_59 97.0 94.1 98.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_60 94.8 85.3 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_61 95.5 85.3 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_62 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_63 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_64 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_65 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_66 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_67 95.5 88.2 98.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_68 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_69 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_70 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_71 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_72 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_73 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_74 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_75 98.5 94.1 100.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_76 95.5 85.3 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_77 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_78 96.3 88.2 99.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_79 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_80 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_81 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_82 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.4 87.5 98.0 1_83 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_84 94.8 82.4 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_85 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_86 99.3 97.1 100.0 95.5 93.8 96.0 1_87 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_88 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_89 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_90 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_91 96.3 91.2 98.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_92 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_93 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_94 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_95 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_96 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_97 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_98 95.5 91.2 97.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_99 95.5 85.3 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_100 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_101 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_102 99.3 97.1 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_103 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_104 95.5 85.3 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_105 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_106 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_107 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_108 97.0 91.2 99.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_109 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_110 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_111 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_112 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_113 97.0 91.2 99.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_114 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_115 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_116 96.3 91.2 98.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_117 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_118 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_119 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_120 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_121 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_122 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_123 97.8 91.2 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_124 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_125 98.5 94.1 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_126 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_127 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_128 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_129 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_130 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_131 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_132 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_133 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_134 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_135 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_136 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_137 95.5 85.3 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_138 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_139 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_140 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_141 95.5 85.3 99.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_142 97.8 91.2 100.0 93.9 87.5 96.0 1_143 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_144 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_145 96.2 87.9 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_146 99.3 97.1 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_147 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_148 96.3 88.2 99.0 98.5 93.8 100.0 1_149 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.4 87.5 98.0 1_150 97.0 91.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_151 95.5 88.2 98.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_152 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_153 99.3 97.1 100.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_154 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_155 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_156 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 87.5 100.0 1_157 96.3 88.2 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_158 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_159 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_160 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_161 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_162 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_163 95.5 85.3 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_164 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_165 97.8 94.1 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_166 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_167 98.5 97.1 99.0 97.0 93.8 98.0 1_168 97.0 91.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0 1_169 96.3 88.2 99.0 95.5 87.5 98.0

Example 3

<Selection of Gene Markers Using all Samples and Method for Evaluating Stomach Cancer Discriminant Performance of Acquired Gene Markers>

In this Example, the samples of the training cohort and the validation cohort used in Examples 1 and 2 described above were integrated, and selection of a gene marker and evaluation of its stomach cancer discriminant performance were conducted using all of the samples.

Specifically, the expression levels in the sera of the 50 stomach cancer patients and the 150 healthy subject miRNA s obtained in the preceding Reference Examples were normalized by quantile normalization. In order to acquire diagnosis markers with higher reliability, only genes having a gene expression level of 2⁶ or higher in 50% or more of the samples in either of the stomach cancer patient group or the healthy subject group were selected in the gene marker selection. In order to further acquire statistical significance for discriminating a stomach cancer patient group from a healthy subject group, the P value obtained by two-tailed t-test assuming equal variance as to each gene expression level was corrected by the Bonferroni method, and genes that satisfied p<0.01 were selected as gene markers for use in explanatory variables of a discriminant and described in Table 7. In this way, hsa-miR-3196, hsa-miR-211-3p, hsa-miR-4271, hsa-miR-6851-5p, hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-4667-5p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, hsa-miR-4486, hsa-miR-4697-5p, hsa-miR-4725-3p, hsa-miR-6510-5p, hsa-miR-5001-5p, hsa-miR-4673, hsa-miR-4466, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-3656, hsa-miR-6782-5p, hsa-miR-4689, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4446-3p, hsa-miR-3180-3p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, hsa-miR-6889-5p, hsa-miR-3178, hsa-miR-4665-5p, hsa-miR-6722-3p, hsa-miR-30c-1-3p, hsa-miR-4507, hsa-miR-3141 and hsa-miR-1199-5p genes, and the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 related thereto were found in addition to the genes described in Table 2. As with the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169, the results obtained about the polynucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 170 to 199 also showed that the measurement values were significantly lower (−) or higher (+) in the stomach cancer patient group than in the healthy subject group (Table 7). These results were able to be validated in the validation cohort. Thus, the presence or absence of stomach cancer in the newly obtained samples can be determined by the methods described in Examples 1 and 2 by using, alone or in combination, the gene expression level measurement values described in Table 7.

TABLE 7 Expression level in P value after stomach cancer Bonferroni patient relative to SEQ ID NO: Gene name correction healthy subject 1 hsa-miR-4257 1.17.E−53 − 2 hsa-miR-6726-5p 1.13.E−52 − 3 hsa-niiR-1343-3p 1.41.E−44 − 4 hsa-miR-1247-3p 5.94.E−35 + 5 hsa-miR-6787-5p 2.22.E−39 − 6 hsa-miR-6875-5p 1.92.E−30 + 7 hsa-miR-1225-3p 6.99.E−36 + 8 hsa-miR-8063 7.15.E−31 − 9 hsa-miR-6781-5p 4.27.E−31 + 10 hsa-miR-4746-3p 1.93.E−35 + 11 hsa-miR-1908-5p 1.34.E−32 + 12 hsa-miR-6756-5p 2.25.E−28 − 13 hsa-miR-204-3p 5.11.E−30 − 14 hsa-miR-4651 2.11.E−33 − 15 hsa-miR-6757-5p 2.11.E−34 − 16 hsa-miR-6825-5p 1.20.E−31 + 17 hsa-miR-7108-5p 3.88.E−25 + 18 hsa-miR-4792 5.31.E−29 + 19 hsa-miR-7641 1.72.E−27 − 20 hsa-miR-3188 3.58.E−30 + 21 hsa-miR-3131 3.98.E−33 − 22 hsa-miR-6780b-5p 4.88.E−28 + 23 hsa-miR-8069 7.94.E−21 + 24 hsa-miR-6840-3p 4.43.E−23 − 25 hsa-miR-8072 1.55.E−23 + 26 hsa-miR-1233-5p 3.51.E−26 − 27 hsa-miR-6887-5p 1.34.E−24 − 28 hsa-miR-1231 9.31.E−26 + 29 hsa-miR-5572 3.97.E−25 + 30 hsa-miR-6738-5p 2.02.E−21 − 31 hsa-miR-6784-5p 1.03.E−23 + 32 hsa-miR-6791-5p 2.63.E−22 + 33 hsa-miR-6749-5p 6.36.E−23 − 34 hsa-miR-6741-5p 6.07.E−23 − 35 hsa-miR-128-1-5p 3.13.E−20 + 36 hsa-miR-4419b 9.02.E−24 − 37 hsa-miR-6746-5p 1.60.E−25 − 38 hsa-miR-3184-5p 1.38.E−23 + 39 hsa-miR-3679-5p 6.33.E−26 + 40 hsa-miR-7110-5p 3.06.E−24 + 41 hsa-miR-4516 1.26.E−23 − 42 hsa-miR-6717-5p 6.77.E−26 − 43 hsa-miR-6826-5p 8.66.E−25 − 44 hsa-miR-4433b-3p 5.71.E−19 + 45 hsa-miR-3679-3p 2.22.E−19 + 46 hsa-miR-3135b 7.59.E−15 − 47 hsa-miR-3622a-5p 4.66.E−24 − 48 hsa-miR-711 9.88.E−22 + 49 hsa-miR-4467 3.85.E−21 + 50 hsa-miR-6857-5p 1.03.E−19 + 51 hsa-miR-6515-3p 5.53.E−16 + 52 hsa-miR-1225-5p 2.33.E−19 + 53 hsa-miR-187-5 p 1.31.E−20 − 54 hsa-miR-3185 1.30.E−19 + 55 hsa-miR-642b-3p 2.56.E−18 − 56 hsa-miR-1249 5.41.E−19 + 57 hsa-miR-744-5p 9.41.E−20 + 58 hsa-miR-4442 1.75.E−17 − 59 hsa-miR-1228-3p 1.10.E−19 + 60 hsa-miR-939-5p 1.54.E−16 + 61 hsa-miR-6845-5p 5.15.E−20 + 62 hsa-miR-887-3p 2.86.E−15 + 63 hsa-miR-7845-5p 3.21.E−16 + 64 hsa-miR-6729-5p 6.04.E−16 + 65 hsa-miR-4632-5p 7.17.E−16 + 66 hsa-miR-615-5p 3.13.E−17 − 67 hsa-miR-6724-5p 6.37.E−15 + 68 hsa-miR-4728-5p 1.26.E−16 − 69 hsa-miR-6732-5p 5.05.E−14 + 70 hsa-miR-6816-5p 8.52.E−17 + 71 hsa-miR-4695-5p 2.40.E−14 + 72 hsa-miR-6088 7.13.E−16 − 73 hsa-miR-7975 1.51.E−14 − 74 hsa-miR-3197 5.56.E−16 + 75 hsa-miR-6125 2.29.E−15 + 76 hsa-miR-4433-3p 1.66.E−13 + 77 hsa-miR-6727-5p 1.77.E−15 − 78 hsa-miR-4706 2.89.E−15 − 79 hsa-miR-7847-3p 1.35.E−14 − 80 hsa-miR-6805-3p 5.87.E−17 + 81 hsa-miR-6766-3p 1.02.E−14 + 82 hsa-miR-1913 6.53.E−14 + 83 hsa-miR-4649-5p 1.20.E−13 − 84 hsa-miR-602 3.43.E−17 + 85 hsa-miR-3663-3p 2.10.E−13 − 86 hsa-miR-6893-5p 3.43.E−17 − 87 hsa-miR-6861-5p 4.41.E−14 − 88 hsa-miR-4449 2.00.E−16 + 89 hsa-miR-6842-5p 1.49.E−15 + 90 hsa-miR-4454 1.57.E−13 − 91 hsa-miR-5195-3p 6.87.E−14 − 92 hsa-miR-663b 1.51.E−12 − 93 hsa-miR-6765-5p 5.17.E−11 + 94 hsa-miR-4513 3.77.E−14 − 95 hsa-miR-614 1.11.E−11 − 96 hsa-miR-6785-5p 6.54.E−12 − 97 hsa-miR-6777-5p 2.92.E−14 − 98 hsa-miR-940 1.38.E−13 + 99 hsa-miR-4741 2.04.E−12 + 100 hsa-miR-6870-5p 4.12.E−14 + 101 hsa-miR-6131 1.02.E−12 − 102 hsa-miR-150-3p 1.47.E−10 − 103 hsa-miR-4707-5p 8.76.E−12 + 104 hsa-miR-1915-3p 4.55.E−13 + 105 hsa-miR-3937 6.01.E−12 + 106 hsa-miR-937-5p 3.22.E−11 − 107 hsa-miR-4443 3.16.E−10 + 108 hsa-miR-1914-3p 7.61.E−11 − 109 hsa-miR-3620-5p 7.63 E−11 + 110 hsa-miR-1268b 2.01.E−09 + 111 hsa-miR-1227-5p 3.14.E−10 + 112 hsa-miR-6880-5p 3.80.E−09 + 113 hsa-miR-4417 7.19.E−10 + 114 hsa-miR-6802-5p 4.37.E−11 − 115 hsa-miR-6769a-5p 3.34.E−09 − 116 hsa-miR-663a 7.98.E−11 + 117 hsa-miR-6721-5p 1.38.E−09 + 118 hsa-miR-4532 9.58.E−08 − 119 hsa-miR-7977 9.99.E−11 − 120 hsa-miR-92b-5p 1.77.E−08 + 121 hsa-miR-371a-5p 8.63.E−09 − 122 hsa-miR-6126 1.93.E−10 + 123 hsa-miR-4734 3.27.E−09 + 124 hsa-miR-4665-3p 6.99.E−14 + 125 hsa-miR-423-5p 1.58.E−08 − 126 hsa-miR-1469 8.71.E−07 + 127 hsa-miR-4675 2.67.E−10 − 128 hsa-miR-1915-5p 1.06.E−08 − 129 hsa-miR-6716-5p 7.56.E−09 + 130 hsa-miR-718 1.99.E−09 + 131 hsa-miR-4281 9.46.E−11 − 132 hsa-miR-6820-5p 1.42.E−08 − 133 hsa-miR-6795-5p 4.38.E−10 − 134 hsa-miR-6779-5p 2.99.E−08 − 135 hsa-miR-7109-5p 7.06.E−08 − 136 hsa-miR-6798-5p 7.93.E−07 + 137 hsa-miR-4648 2.21.E−09 + 138 hsa-miR-8059 1.44.E−08 − 139 hsa-miR-6765-3p 6.59.E−08 − 140 hsa-miR-6132 3.82.E−06 + 141 hsa-miR-4492 1.34.E−08 + 142 hsa-miR-7107-5p 1.84.E−06 − 143 hsa-miR-3195 6.91.E−08 + 144 hsa-miR-3180 1.11.E−07 + 145 hsa-miR-296-3p 2.56.E−06 − 146 hsa-miR-564 1.32.E−07 − 147 hsa-miR-1268a 1.25.E−04 + 148 hsa-miR-6848-5p 2.82.E−06 + 149 hsa-miR-762 5.66.E−04 + 150 hsa-miR-2861 1.45.E−06 − 151 hsa-miR-1203 7.90.E−07 + 152 hsa-miR-1260b 2.26.E−04 − 153 hsa-miR-4476 5.95.E−06 − 154 hsa-miR-6885-5p 5.73.E−05 − 155 hsa-miR-6769b-5p 1.91.E−07 − 156 hsa-miR-23b-3p 1.38.E−05 − 157 hsa-miR-1343-5p 7.73.E−06 + 158 hsa-miR-3621 3.64.E−05 − 159 hsa-miR-4688 1.47.E−05 − 160 hsa-miR-4286 3.79.E−03 − 161 hsa-miR-4640-5p 1.79.E−05 + 162 hsa-miR-4739 2.45.E−05 + 163 hsa-miR-1260a 7.35.E−04 − 164 hsa-miR-4276 3.45.E−07 + 165 hsa-miR-7106-5p 4.60.E−04 − 166 hsa-miR-128-2-5p 1.05.E−13 − 167 lisa-miR-125a-3p 2.30.E−15 − 168 hsa-miR-92a-2-5p 5.42.E−09 + 169 hsa-miR-486-3p 2.00.E−05 − 170 hsa-miR-3196 2.06.E−06 + 171 hsa-miR-211-3p 2.03.E−05 − 172 hsa-miR-4271 2.31.E−05 − 173 hsa-miR-6851-5p 2.68.E−05 + 174 hsa-miR-149-3p 2.75.E−05 − 175 hsa-miR-4667-5p 4.05.E−05 + 176 hsa-miR-135a-3p 4.28.E−05 + 177 hsa-miR-4486 6.68.E−05 + 178 hsa-miR-4697-5p 7.18.E−05 − 179 hsa-miR-4725-3p 8.16.E−05 + 180 hsa-miR-6510-5p 8.18.E−05 + 181 hsa-miR-5001-5p 1.92.E−04 − 182 hsa-miR-4673 2.32.E−04 + 183 hsa-miR-4466 3.06.E−04 − 184 hsa-miR-23a-3p 5.28.E−04 − 185 hsa-miR-3656 5.41.E−04 + 186 hsa-miR-6782-5p 7.05.E−04 + 187 hsa-miR-4689 1.01.E−03 − 188 hsa-miR-451a 1.22.E−03 − 189 hsa-miR-4446-3p 1.51.E−03 − 190 hsa-miR-3180-3p 1.64.E−03 + 191 hsa-miR-642a-3p 1.80.E−03 − 192 hsa-miR-6889-5p 1.91.E−03 + 193 hsa-miR-3178 2.08.E−03 + 194 hsa-miR-4665-5p 2.84.E−03 − 195 hsa-miR-6722-3p 3.22.E−03 + 196 hsa-miR-30c-1-3p 4.13.E−03 + 197 hsa-miR-4507 6.12.E−03 + 198 hsa-miR-3141 6.13.E−03 + 199 hsa-miR-1199-5p 7.28.E−03 −

Example 4

<Method for Evaluating Stomach Cancer-Specific Discriminant Performance by Combination of Multiple Gene Markers Using Samples of Validation Cohort>

In this Example, gene markers for diagnosis were selected by comparing gene expression levels of miRNAs in sera of stomach cancer patients with that of a control group consisting of healthy subjects, pancreatic cancer patients, bile duct cancer patients, colorectal cancer patients, liver cancer patients, and benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients in the same way as the method described in Example 1 using the gene markers selected in Example 1 with respect to the training cohort as the sample group described in Reference Example 2. The polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 635 to 642 thus selected were further combined therewith to study a method for evaluating stomach cancer-specific discriminant performance.

Specifically, first, the miRNA expression levels in the training cohort and the validation cohort obtained in Reference Example 2 mentioned above were combined and normalized by quantile normalization. Next, Fisher's discriminant analysis was conducted as to combinations of 1 to 6 expression level measurement values comprising at least one or more of the expression level measurement values of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642, to construct a discriminant for determining the presence or absence of stomach cancer. Next, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the validation cohort were calculated using the discriminant thus prepared, with the stomach cancer patient group as a positive sample group and, on the other hand, the healthy subject group, the pancreatic cancer patient group, the bile duct cancer patient group, the colorectal cancer patient group, the liver cancer patient group, and the benign pancreaticobiliary disease patient group as a negative sample groups. The discriminant performance of the selected polynucleotides was validated using the independent samples.

Most of polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by any of these SEQ ID NOs (SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 165 and 635 to 642 corresponding to the miRNA markers of Table 1) or complementary sequences thereof mentioned above were able to provide relatively high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in the determination of the presence or absence of stomach cancer, and furthermore, were able to specifically discriminate stomach cancer from the other cancers. For example, among the combinations of multiple polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 9, 13, 21, 27, 34, 36, 66, 75, 95, 98, 108, 130, 135, 143, 155, 183, 185, 187, 191, 193, 194, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641 and 642 or complementary sequences thereof (the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1) as polynucleotides capable of specifically binding to target markers, combinations comprising at least one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 21, 34, 36, 98, and 155 or complementary sequences thereof (the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 2) included in the cancer type-specific polynucleotide group 1 were able to specifically discriminate stomach cancer from the other cancers with high accuracy.

The number of the aforementioned polynucleotides with cancer type specificity in the combination can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more for the combination. The combinations of 6 or more of these polynucleotides were able to exhibit discriminant accuracy of 80% or higher.

Specifically, the discriminant accuracy of the measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof is shown in Table 8-1. The measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 79.8% in the training cohort and accuracy of 83.8% in the validation cohort. Also, for example, the measurement using the combinations of two polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 82.4% in the training cohort and accuracy of 80.9% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of three polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 84.1% in the training cohort and accuracy of 83.8% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of four polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 85.9% in the training cohort and accuracy of 82.7% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of five polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.9% in the training cohort and accuracy of 88.4% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of six polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 21 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 87.3% in the validation cohort.

Specifically, the discriminant accuracy of the measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof is shown in Table 8-2. The measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 62.8% in the training cohort and accuracy of 60.7% in the validation cohort. Also, for example, the measurement using the combinations of two polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 81.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 82.1% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of three polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 84.4% in the training cohort and accuracy of 82.1% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of four polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 88.4% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of five polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 88.2% in the training cohort and accuracy of 87.9% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of six polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 34 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.3% in the training cohort and accuracy of 88.4% in the validation cohort.

Specifically, the discriminant accuracy of the measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof is shown in Table 8-3. The measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 78.7% in the training cohort and accuracy of 78.6% in the validation cohort. Also, for example, the measurement using the combinations of two polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 82.7% in the training cohort and accuracy of 82.7% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of three polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 85.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 86.7% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of four polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 85.5% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of five polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.9% in the training cohort and accuracy of 86.1% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of six polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 36 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.3% in the training cohort and accuracy of 87.9% in the validation cohort.

Specifically, the discriminant accuracy of the measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof is shown in Table 8-4. The measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 70.9% in the training cohort and accuracy of 70.5% in the validation cohort. Also, for example, the measurement using the combinations of two polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 82.4% in the training cohort and accuracy of 82.1% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of three polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 84.1% in the training cohort and accuracy of 85.5% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of four polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 86.7% in the training cohort and accuracy of 89.6% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of five polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 88.2% in the training cohort and accuracy of 87.9% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of six polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 98 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.9% in the training cohort and accuracy of 88.4% in the validation cohort.

Specifically, the discriminant accuracy of the measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof is shown in Table 8-5. The measurement using the polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 67.1% in the training cohort and accuracy of 69.9% in the validation cohort. Also, for example, the measurement using the combinations of two polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 81.6% in the training cohort and accuracy of 75.7% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of three polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 84.4% in the training cohort and accuracy of 85.0% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of four polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 87.0% in the training cohort and accuracy of 89.0% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of five polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 88.2% in the training cohort and accuracy of 87.3% in the validation cohort. Furthermore, for example, the measurement using the combinations of six polynucleotides comprising at least one polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 155 or a complementary sequence thereof exhibited the highest accuracy of 88.2% in the training cohort and accuracy of 89.6% in the validation cohort.

The expression level measurement values of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 9, 13, 143, 155, 194, and 639 were compared among 34 stomach cancer patients, 102 healthy subjects, 63 pancreatic cancer patients, 65 bile duct cancer patients, 35 colorectal cancer patients, 32 liver cancer patients, and 17 benign pancreaticobiliary disease patients in the training cohort. As a result, a scatter diagram that significantly separated the discriminant score of the stomach cancer patient group from the discriminant scores of the other groups was obtained in the training cohort (see the upper diagram of FIG. 4 ). These results were also reproducible for the validation cohort (see the lower diagram of FIG. 4 ).

TABLE 8-1 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 21 79.8 82.4 79.6 83.8 81.2 84.1 9_21 82.4 97.1 80.8 80.9 81.2 80.9 9_21_34 84.1 91.2 83.4 83.8 75 84.7 9_21_34_36 85.9 91.2 85.3 82.7 68.8 84.1 9_21_34_36_98 87.9 97.1 86.9 88.4 81.2 89.2 9_21_36_98_130_637 83.6 100 81.8 85 87.5 84.7 9_21_34_36_98_637 87 94.1 86.3 87.3 87.5 87.3 9_21_34_36_98_155 86.7 97.1 85.6 89 81.2 89.8 21_36_75_98_155_635 83 97.1 81.5 87.9 87.5 87.9 9_21_36_98_108_155 86.7 100 85.3 86.7 81.2 87.3

TABLE 8-2 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 34 62.8 67.6 62.3 60.7 81.2 58.6 21_34 81 82.4 80.8 82.1 81.2 82.2 9_34_36 84.4 94.1 83.4 82.1 68.8 83.4 9_34_36_98 87 97.1 85.9 88.4 87.5 88.5 9_34_36_98_635 88.2 97.1 87.2 87.9 87.5 87.9 34_36_143_155_187_635 86.2 94.1 85.3 86.1 87.5 86 9_34_36_66_98_187 87.3 97.1 86.3 88.4 81.2 89.2 9_34_36_98_187_637 86.5 94.1 85.6 87.3 87.5 87.3 9_34_36_98_185_637 86.7 97.1 85.6 86.7 87.5 86.6 9_34_36_98_637_639 86.5 97.1 85.3 87.9 87.5 87.9

TABLE 8-3 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 36 78.7 82.4 78.3 78.6 81.2 78.3 9_36 82.7 97.1 81.2 82.7 75 83.4 9_36_98 85 100 83.4 86.7 87.5 86.6 9_36_75_98 87 100 85.6 85.5 81.2 86 9_13_36_108_194 87.9 94.3 87.2 86.1 75 87.3 9_36_98_108_638_639 85.6 94.1 84.7 88.4 87.5 88.5 36_98_155_194_635_642 85.3 100 83.7 86.1 81.2 86.6 9_34_36_75_98_637 87.3 97.1 86.3 87.9 87.5 87.9 21_36_98_155_185_635 83.9 97.1 82.4 89 87.5 89.2 9_36_98_108_355_635 85.9 97.1 84.7 87.3 81.2 87.9

TABLE 8-4 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 98 70.9 64.7 71.6 70.5 62.5 71.3 36_98 82.4 88.2 81.8 82.1 75 82.8 9_98_639 84.1 91.2 83.4 85.5 81.2 86 9_36_98_194 86.7 97.1 85.6 89.6 81.2 90.4 9_98_130_135_639 88.2 97.1 87.2 87.9 100 86.6 9_36_98_130_194_637 87.3 100 85.9 89.6 87.5 89.8 21_36_98_108_155_635 85.6 94.1 84.7 89.6 87.5 89.8 9_36_98_108_155_639 87.9 97.1 86.9 88.4 87.5 88.5 9_36_98_155_187_639 87 97.1 85.9 88.4 93.8 87.9 9_36_98_155_187_637 85.9 100 84.3 85.5 81.2 86

TABLE 8-5 Training cohort Validation cohort Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity SEQ ID NO: (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 155 67.1 58.8 68.1 69.9 75 69.4 9_155 81.6 94.1 80.2 75.7 75 75.8 9_155_639 84.4 97.1 83.1 85 87.5 84.7 9_130_155639 87 91.2 86.6 89 100 87.9 9_34_130_155_639 88.2 91.2 87.9 87.3 93.8 86.6 9_36_75_98_155_635 85.6 100 84 86.1 81.2 86.6 36_98_130_155_185_635 85.9 94.1 85 86.1 87.5 86 9_13_143_155_194_639 88.2 94.1 87.5 89.6 87.5 89.8 9_13_34_36_98_155 87 97.1 85.9 89 81.2 89.8 36_98_108_155_193_635 85.3 94.1 84.3 86.7 81.2 87.3

Comparative Example 1

<Stomach Cancer Discriminant Performance of Existing Tumor Markers in Blood>

The concentrations of the existing tumor markers CEA and CA19-9 in blood were measured in the training cohort and the validation cohort obtained in the preceding Reference Examples. When the concentrations of these tumor markers in blood are higher than the reference values described in Kim, H. J. et al., Acta Oncologica, 2009, No. 48, p. 385 to 390 (CEA: 5 ng/mL, CA19-9: 37 U/mL), subjects are usually suspected of having cancer. Thus, whether or not the concentrations of CEA and CA19-9 in blood exceeded their reference values was confirmed for each sample, and the results were assessed for the ability of these tumor markers to detect cancer in stomach cancer patients. The sensitivity of each existing marker in the training cohort and the validation cohort was calculated. The results are shown in Table 5. The sensitivity of CEA and CA19-9 was as low as 2.9% in the training cohort, and was as low as 12.5% and 12.5%, respectively, in the validation cohort, demonstrating that neither of the markers are useful in the detection of stomach cancer (Table 5).

On the other hand, as shown above in Tables 3 and 6 of Examples 1 and 2, it can be concluded that in all of the polynucleotides consisting of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 169 combinations of 1 or 2 polynucleotides exhibiting sensitivity beyond the existing stomach cancer markers are present, and thus such polynucleotides serve as excellent diagnosis markers.

As shown in these Examples and Comparative Example, the kit, etc., and the method of the present invention can detect stomach cancer with higher sensitivity than the existing tumor markers and therefore permit early detection and treatment of stomach cancer. As a result, improvement in survival rate resulting from reduction in the risk of recurrence, and a therapeutic option of stomach-conserving therapy can also be provided.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to the present invention, stomach cancer can be effectively detected by a simple and inexpensive method. This enables early detection, diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer. The method of the present invention can detect stomach cancer with limited invasiveness using the blood of a patient and therefore allows stomach cancer to be detected conveniently and rapidly.

All publications, patents, and patent applications cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method for detecting stomach cancer in a human subject, comprising: measuring an expression level of hsa-miR-718 in a blood, serum or plasma sample from the subject; comparing the measured expression level of hsa-miR-718 to a control expression level for a healthy subject; detecting an increased level of hsa-miR-718 in the sample from the subject as compared to the control expression level from the sample from the healthy subject; wherein the increased level of hsa-miR-718 indicates that the subject has stomach cancer; and wherein the method further comprises treating the subject for the stomach cancer or performing a diagnostic procedure on the subject with the stomach cancer; wherein the treating comprises surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination thereof; and wherein the diagnostic procedure comprises gastric X-ray examination, gastroscopy, or imaging of the stomach.
 2. The method according to claim 1, comprising performing the diagnostic procedure on the subject.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the expression level of hsa-miR-718 in the sample is measured by using a device comprising a nucleic acid(s) that specifically binds to hsa-miR-718.
 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of the following other stomach cancer markers: miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-6716-5p, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p; and/or miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the expression level of hsa-miR-718 in the sample is measured by using a kit comprising a nucleic acid(s) that specifically binds to hsa-miR-718.
 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to one or more polynucleotides selected from the group consisting of following other stomach cancer markers: miR-6726-5p, miR-1343-3p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6787-5p, miR-6875-5p, miR-1225-3p, miR-8063, miR-6781-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-1908-5p, miR-6756-5p, miR-204-3p, miR-4651, miR-6757-5p, miR-6825-5p, miR-7108-5p, miR-4792, miR-7641, miR-3188, miR-3131, miR-6780b-5p, miR-8069, miR-6840-3p, miR-8072, miR-1233-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-1231, miR-5572, miR-6738-5p, miR-6784-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4419b, miR-6746-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-7110-5p, miR-4516, miR-6717-5p, miR-6826-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3679-3p, miR-3135b, miR-3622a-5p, miR-711, miR-4467, miR-6857-5p, miR-6515-3p, miR-1225-5p, miR-187-5p, miR-3185, miR-642b-3p, miR-1249, miR-744-5p, miR-4442, miR-1228-3p, miR-939-5p, miR-6845-5p, miR-887-3p, miR-7845-5p, miR-6729-5p, miR-4632-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-6724-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6732-5p, miR-6816-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-6088, miR-7975, miR-3197, miR-6125, miR-4433-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4706, miR-7847-3p, miR-6805-3p, miR-6766-3p, miR-1913, miR-4649-5p, miR-602, miR-3663-3p, miR-6893-5p, miR-6861-5p, miR-4449, miR-6842-5p, miR-4454, miR-5195-3p, miR-663b, miR-6765-5p, miR-4513, miR-614, miR-6785-5p, miR-6777-5p, miR-940, miR-4741, miR-6870-5p, miR-6131, miR-150-3p, miR-4707-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-3937, miR-937-5p, miR-4443, miR-1914-3p, miR-3620-5p, miR-1268b, miR-1227-5p, miR-6880-5p, miR-4417, miR-6802-5p, miR-6769a-5p, miR-663a, miR-6721-5p, miR-4532, miR-7977, miR-92b-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-6126, miR-4734, miR-4665-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-1469, miR-4675, miR-6716-5p, miR-4281, miR-6820-5p, miR-6795-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-7109-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-4648, miR-8059, miR-6765-3p, miR-6132, miR-4492, miR-7107-5p, miR-3195, miR-3180, miR-296-3p, miR-564, miR-1268a, miR-6848-5p, miR-762, miR-2861, miR-1203, miR-1260b, miR-4476, miR-6885-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-23b-3p, miR-1343-5p, miR-3621, miR-4688, miR-4286, miR-4640-5p, miR-4739, miR-1260a, miR-4276, miR-7106-5p, miR-6794-5p, miR-6774-5p, miR-4707-3p, miR-4534, miR-4294, miR-6850-5p, miR-6089 and miR-671-5p; and/or miR-128-2-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3196, miR-211-3p, miR-4271, miR-6851-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-4667-5p, miR-135a-3p, miR-4486, miR-4697-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-6510-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-4673, miR-4466, miR-23a-3p, miR-3656, miR-6782-5p, miR-4689, miR-451a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3180-3p, miR-642a-3p, miR-6889-5p, miR-3178, miR-4665-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-30c-1-3p, miR-4507, miR-3141 and miR-1199-5p. 